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2.01 Vocabulary 12/9

Apparel and textile I

TermDefinition
FIber A fine hair-like structure that can be spun into yarn and made into textile products.
Staple Short lengths of fibers ….1 ½ to 8 inches long.
Filaments Longer continuous lengths, measured in yards or meters.
Textile Any cloth or goods produced by weaving, knitting, or felting. Comes from the Latin word texture, which means to weave.
Fabric Cloth or other material produced by weaving or knitting fibers.
Apparel Clothing, dress, garments or attire that people wear.
Neutral fiber Any hairlike raw material directly obtained from an animal, vegetable, or mineral source and convertible, after spinning into yarns can be made into woven cloth.
Cellulosic Made from cellulose - the fibrous substance in plant life - cotton, flax (linen) & hemp.
Protein Come from animal sources - wool (sheep), silk (worms), angora, cashmere & mohair.
Manufactured fiber Man made by combining molecules of nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen and carbon into staple or filament fibers - rayon, acetate, nylon, olefin, polyester, spandex, lyocell
Abrasion Resistance A worn spot that can develop when fibers rub against something.
Pilling Tiny balls of fiber on the fabric.
Absorbency Ability to take in moisture.
Durability Refers to how long you will be able to wear or use a particular garment or item.
Hand The way a fiber, yarn, or fabric feels when handled.
Elasticity The ability to increase in length when under tension (elongation) and then return to the original length when released (recovery)
Resiliency Able to spring or bounce back into shape after crushing or wrinkling.
Strength Ability to withstand tension or pulling.
Warmth Ability of a fiber to maintain body heat of wearer.
Wicking Ability to draw moisture away from the body so the moisture can evaporate.
Weave The process of interlacing one or more sets of yarns at right angles on a loom.
Wrap yarns Yarns that run lengthwise (up & down) in woven fabric.
Weft yarns Yarns that run crosswise in woven fabric (right to left - sound like "weft").
Woven fabric Fabric formed by weaving.
Plain weave The simplest weave in which the weft (crosswise) yarn is passed over then under each warp (lengthwise) yarn.
Twill weave Very strong weave in which the weft yarn is passed over and under one, two or three warp yarns. This weave produces a diagonal design on the surface - denim.
Satin weave A weak weave that produces a smooth, shiny-surfaced fabric.
Grain The direction of the lengthwise and crosswise yarns in a woven fabric.
Bias The diagonal grain of a fabric. The bias provides the greatest stretch in a woven fabric.
Pile The raised surface or nap of a fabric, which is made of upright loops or strands of yarn.
Knit The process of pulling loops of yarns through other loops to create interlocking rows of stitches.
Wales Yarns that run in the lengthwise direction, like a warp yarn in woven fabrics
Courses Yarns that run in the crosswise direction, like the weft yarns in woven fabrics.
Weft knit Knit made with only one yarn.
Wrap knit A knit made with several yarns on flat knitting machines. Multiple yarns are looped together to produce a run-resistant knitted fabric.
Seamless knitting Involves the production of a whole garment in one piece on a knitting machine so little to no sewing is required.
Nonwoven fabrics Fabrics made from fibers not yarns. The fibers are held together by a combination of moisture, heat, chemicals and/or pressure.
Created by: user-1866619
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