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Phylum: PORIFERA

structure, characteristics, and essential life functions

QuestionAnswer
What phylum are sponges in? Phylum Porifera
where do sponges live? Mostly marine, some freshwater
What symmetry do sponges have? Asymmetrical - no symmetry present
How many germ layers do sponges have? No germ layers, but have 2 cell layers ectoderm and endoderm
What are pore cells? Cells around and opening to allow water in
what are Spicules? needle like structures for structural support made of silica and CaCO3
What is Spongin a network of protein to form soft skin (ex. sponges used for sponge baths)
What are Amoebocytes aid in reproduction and circulation (carrying nutrients to other cells) and make Spicules
What is a Collar cell OR Choanocyte? Small cell with flagellum that draws in water
How does water move through the Sponge 1. Water draws into central cavity 2. Beating flagella draws in in water 3. water exits through large whole (Osculum)
Why is water movement important to sponges Brings in; food, oxygen, gametes, larve, takes away waste
How do they FEED + DIGESTIONS No mouth or D.S - they filter feed soft food particles
How does EXCRETION work? Driven out by water flow
How does RESPIRATION work? Oxygen and carbon dioxide -> Diffusion
Do they Move? Adults are sessile ( non-moving) Larvae are mobile
What does REPRODUCTION look like? Most are Hermaphrodites (sperm + eggs) Some have separate sexes
How does Sexual REPRODUCTION work? 1. Sperm is released to swim to other sponge 2. Enters pores and picked up by collar cells 3. Carried to egg by amoebocytes 4. fertilization 5. Zygote develops into larva
How does Asexual REPRODUCTION work? Fragmentation (part of sponge break) Budding (mitotic growth breaks off) Gemmules ( collection off cells with hard outer covering with spicules)
Ecological and Environmental importance - Provides habitat + food work for animals - symbiotic relationship with plantlike protists - make chemicals used in reasearch
Created by: chloe_well
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