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Exam 4 P2
Biology - final - exam 4 questions but the second part
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is not a feature of the genetic code? | There are four bases to a single codon |
| The expressed (coding) regions of eukaryotic genes are called ____. | exons |
| How many different amino acids are common to all living organisms? | 20 |
| Which of the following molecules contain anticodons? | tRNA |
| What are each of the ribosome subunits (the large and small subunits) composed of? | both rRNA and protein |
| You are studying a protein that is 300 amino acids long. How long would you expect the coding sequence of a processed mRNA's coding sequence to be in nucleotides? | 900 |
| Aminoacyl tRNA synthases are | enzymes that add the correct amino acid to specific tRNAs |
| What is the function of a signal peptide? | to move ribosomes that are synthesizing proteins to be secreted from the cytoplasm to the rough ER |
| What type of bond joins the amino acids together in a polypeptide? | peptide |
| Polysomes allow cells to: | make copies of proteins more rapidly |
| Consider the sequence of events during translation by a ribosome. Once a peptide bond has been formed between the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the P site & the amino acid associated with the tRNA in the A site, what process occurs immediately next? | translocation |
| During translation, chain elongation continues until what happens? | Stop codons enter the A site and are recognized by release factors |
| The order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain at the end of translation describes what level of protein structure? | primary |
| The first amino acid incorporated into proteins is almost always: | methionine |
| Which component is NOT involved in the process known as translation? | snRNA |
| During transcription and DNA replication, _____ bonds form between the nucleotides being joined together to make a new nucleic acid strand | phosphodiester |
| which type of point mutation will have the LEAST effect on the polypeptide chain encoded by the gene containing the mutation? | silent |
| What is the effect of a nonsense mutation in a gene? | It introduces a premature stop codon into the mRNA |
| After the initiation of DNA replication, the prokaryotic chromosome is replicated in a bidirectional fashion. True or false? | True |
| What is the modern definition of a gene? | A segment of DNA that is used for the function of production |