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Meiosis

TermDefinition
Gametic cells/ gametes sex cells, Ex. sperm and egg (in animals) OR pollen and ovule (in plants)
Fertilization involves two parents to produce a zygote, Ex. fusion of sperm and egg, increases genetic diversity
Homologous chromosomes paired chromosomes with similar shape, size, and contains the same traits with different variations
Crossing over parts of homologous chromosomes exchange information and leads to genetic variation (diversity)
Diploid 2 sets of chromosomes represented by 2N found in somatic (body) cells
Haploid 1 set of chromosomes represented by 1N or N found in gametic cells (gametes)
Somatic cells body cells created through the cell cycle (in Mitosis)
Meiosis a type of cell division that creates four genetically different daughter cells called gametes, increases genetic diversity
Result of Meiosis 4 genetically different haploid gametic cells
Independent assortment chromosomes are sorted randomly into daughter cells creating new combinations, increases genetic variation
Zygote a fertilized egg, contains a full set of chromosomes (2n)
Chromosome reduction After meiosis, the chromosome number is cut in half through 2 cell divisions, creates haploid cells
Nondisjunction occurs when chromosomes do not separate properly during cell division, leads to cells with an abnormal number of chromosomes
Created by: absanford
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