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Genetics

QuestionAnswer
What term describes an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular gene? Homozygous
Which of the following describes an organism with two different alleles for a specific gene? Heterozygous
In a genetic cross, the allele that masks the effect of another is referred to as..? Dominant
The alternative forms of a gene are known as? Alleles
What is the physical location of a gene on a chromosome called? Locus
In a monohybrid cross, what ratio is expected in the phenotypes of the offspring? 3:1
A cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa) will produce what expected genotype ratio? 1 AA, 2 Aa, 1 aa
In a dihybrid cross, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring? 9:3:3:1
What is crossing over? The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur? Prophase I
If a plant with a genotype AaBb is crossed with another AaBb plant, what fraction of the offspring will be homozygous recessive for both traits (aabb)? 1/16
What is the term for an observable characteristic of an organism? Phenotype
In a pedigree chart, what does a filled circle represent? A female with the trait
What is the expected phenotypic ratio from a cross between two homozygous parents (AA x aa)? 1:0
What term refers to the genetic makeup of an organism? Genotype
What is the role of a Punnett square in genetics? To predict the genotypes of offspring from parental genotypes
If a genetic cross results in a 3:1 ratio of phenotypes, what type of cross was likely performed? Monohybrid cross
What is the purpose of a test cross? To identify the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype
Created by: ortizal126
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