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Class 037 Drug cards

Emergency care in the streets Drug cards

QuestionAnswer
Activated Charcoal Class? Absorbent
Activated Charcoal MOA? Absorbs toxic substances from the GI tract. Onset of action is immediate
Activated Charcoal Indications? Most oral poisonings and Med OD's Can be used floowing the evacuation of poisons
Activated Charcoal Contraindications? PO administration to Altered mental PTAfter ingestion of Corrosives, caustics, or petrolium based products (ineffective, May induce vomiting) Simultaneous administration with other PO meds.
Activated Charcoal supplied? 25 g/125 mL, or 50 g/250 mL both with a 200mg/ml concentration
Activated Charcoal dose? Adult/Peds: 1-2 g/Kg PO or NGT
Activated Charcoal Adverse reactions? May induce N/V. Constipation. Black stool
Adenosine Class? AKA AdenocardEndogenous nucleotide
Adenosine MOA? Slows conduction time through AV node; Slows HR, Acts directly on sinus pacemaker cells, Med of choice in re-entry SVT,
Adenosine Indications? PSVT, May convert re-entry SVT due to Wolff-Parkinsons White Syndrome
Adenosine Contraindications? 2nd or 3rd degree heart block, SSS, Afib/flutter, V-tach, Hypersensitivity, poison induced tach
Adenosine Aderse reactions? Facial flushing, SOB, CP, HA, paresthesia, Palpitations, Hypotension, Nausea, Metallic taste.
Adenosine supplied? 6 mg/ 2 mL vials.
Adenosine Dose? Adult: 6mg over 1-3 sec, imediate 20ml saline flush, Elevate extremity. Second dose 12 mg over 1-3 sec with immedate saline flush. Max of 30mg.Peds: 0.1-0.2 mg/Kg rapid IVP; Max single dose 12 mg
Albuterol Class? AKA Proventil, VentolinClass: Sympathomimetic, Bronchodilator
Albuterol MOA? Selective Beta-2 Agonist that stimulates adrenergic receptorsof the sympathetic NS resulting in smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree and peripheral vasulature.
Albuterol Indications? Bronchiospasms in Pt's with reversable COPD/Asthma, prevention of exercised induced Bronchiospasm.
Albuterol Contraindications? Hypersensitivity, Tach arrhythmias,arrythmias caused by Digitalis, Synergistic with other Sympathomimetics.
Albuterol Supplied? 5 mg/mL Prefilled 2.5mg/3mL
Albuterol Dose? Adult: 2.5mg diluted 0.5mL of 0.5% solution with 2.5mL normal saline Pedi:0.05 - 0.15 mg/Kg/dose diluted in 2 mL of normal saline.
Amiodarone Class AKA Cordarone, PaceroneAntiarrhythmic
Amiodarone MOA? Blocks Sodium channels and myocardial potassium channels
Amiodarone Indications? V-fib/Pulseless V-tach & Unstable V-tach in PT's refractory to other therapy
Amiodarone Contraindications? Hypersensitivity, Cardiogenic shock, sinus bradycardia, 2nd or 3rd Degree AV Block ( unless a functional pacemaker is available)
Albuterol Adverse Reactions? Dose related includes restlessness, tremors, dizziness, palpitations, tachycardia, nervousness, periphial vasodialation, N/V, Hyperglycmia, HTN, and paradoxical bronchospasms
Amiodarone Adverse Reations? Hypotension, Bradycarida, Prolonation of the P-R, QRS, and Q-T intervals
Amiodarone Supplied? 150mg/3mL (50mg/mL)
Amiodarone Dosage? Adult: V-fib/pulseless V-tach unresponsive to CPR, D-fib, & Vasopressors: 300 mg IVP/IOP Recomended Dilute in 20-30 ml D5W) Can be repeated in 3-5 min @ 150 mg IVP/IOPPedi: 5mg/kg IV/IO bolus. Can repeat 5mg/kg IV/IO bolus to a maximum dose 15mg/kg
Aspirin Class? Platelet inhibitor, anti-inflammatory agent.
Aspirin MOA? Postaglandin inhibition
Aspirin Indications? New onset CP suggestive of acute MI. S/S suggestive of recent CVA.
Aspirin Contraindications? Hypersensitivity, Active ulcers or asthma
Aspirin Adverse Reactions? Heartburn, GI bleeding, prolonged bleeding, N/V, Wheezing in allergic PT's
Aspirin Supplied? 81mg, 160mg, or 325mg tablets Chewable and standard
Aspirin Dosage? 160mg to 325mg PO (chewed if possible)
Atropine Sulfate Class? Anticholinergic agent
Atropine Sulfate MOA? Parasympatholytic: inhibits action of ACH at postgangliotic parasympathetic neuroeffector sites. Increases HR Chromotopic in lifethreating bradyarrhythmias.
Atropine Sulfate Indications? Hemodynamically unstable bradycardia, Asytole, Bradycardic PEA, Organophosphate poisoning, bronchospastic pulomary disorders.
Atropine Sulfate Contraindiactions? Tachycardia, hypersensitivity, unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage and myocardial ischemia, narrow angle glaucoma
Atropine Sulfate Adverse Reations? HA,dizziness, Palpitations, N/V, tachycardia, arrhythmias, anticholinergic effects, Paradoxical bradycardia when pushed slowly or at low doses, Flushed, hot, dry skin.
Atropine Sulfate Supplied? prefilled syringes: 1mg / 10mL (0.1mg/mL)Neb: ( 1mg/0.5mL) and (2.5mg/0.5mL)
Atropine Sulfate Dosage? Adult: Asystole Bradycardic PEA: 1mg IVP/IOP, repeat to max of 3mg. Unstable Brady 0.5mg every 3-5, max 3mg.Organo Poisoning 2-4mg till SLUDGEM subsides no Max. Pedi: 0.02 mg/Kg IVP/IOP, second 0.04 mg/Kg IVP/IOP,Minimum dose 0.1mg. Max 1mg ch, 2mg ad.
Benocaine spray Class? (AKA Hurricane)Topical Anesthetic
Benocaine spray MOA? Stabilizes neuronal membrane
Benocaine spray Indications? Lubricant and topical Anesthetic to faccilitate passage of diagnostic and treatment devices.Suppresses the pharyngeal & tracheal gag reflex.
Benocaine spray Contraindications? Hypersensitivity to Benocaine.
Benocaine spray Adverse Reactions? rare occasions following use reports of Methemoglobinemia.
Benocaine spray Supplied? Multi-dose aerosol can. 20% benzocaine
Benocaine spray Dosages? Adult: 0.5 - 1.0 sec spray, repeat as needed.Pedi: 0.25 - 0.5 sec spray, repeat as needed.
Calcium Chloride Class? Electrolyte
Calcium Chloride MOA? Increases cardiac contractillity (Inotropic effect). May enhance ventricular automaticity.
Calcium Chloride Indications? Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia, Mag OD, Calcium Channel Blocker OD, Adjunctive therapy in treatment of insect bites & stings
Calcium Chloride Contraindications? Hypercalcemia, V-Fib, Dig toxicity
Calcium Chloride Adverse Reactions? Bradycardia, Asystole, Hypotension, Peripheal Artery spasm, N/V
Calcium Chloride Supplied? Prefilled syringes 10% solution in 10mL(100mg/mL)
Calcium Chloride Dosages? Adult: 500mg to 1000mg IVP/IOP, for HYperkalemia & Calcium Channel Blocker OD's. Repeat as needed.Ped: 20mg/kg slow IVP/IOP, Max 1G dose may repeat in 10 min.
Dextrose Class? Carbohydrate, Hypertonic Solution
Dextrose MOA? Rapidly increases serum gluclose levels. Short-term osmotic diuresis.
Dextrose Indications? Hypoglycemia, Altered LOC, Coma or Seizure of unk etiology, Status Epilepticus.
Dextrose Contraindications? Intracrainial Hemorrhage
Dextrose Adverse Reactions? Tissue Necrosis in extravasculor, Warmth, Pn, Burning, Thrombophlebitis, rhabdomyolysis, Hyperglycemia.
Dextrose Supplied? 25G/50mL prefilled syringes.
Dextrose Dosage? Adult: 12.5 - 25g slow IVP, repeat as necessary.Ped: 0.5 - 1G/kg IVP repeat as necessary.
Diazepam Class? AKA ValiumBenzodiazepine, Sedative-hypnotic, Anticonvulsant
Diazepam MOA? Potentiates effects of inhibitory neurotranmitters, Raises seizure threshold, Induces Amnesia & Sedation
Diazepam Indications? Seizure Activity, Alcohol Witdrawal (DT's), Acute anxiety, Agitation, Analgesia for Med proceedures (Cardioversion, FX reduction)
Diazepam Contraindications? Hypersensitivity, Glaucoma, Coma, Shock, Substance Abuse, Head Injury
Diazepam Adverse Reactions? Resiratory Depression, Hypotension, Drowsiness, Ataxia, Reflex Tachycardia, N/V, Confusion, Thrombosis, & Phlebitis
Diazepam Supplied? 10mg/5mL prefilled Syringe, Vials, Ampules, and Tubex
Diazepam Dosages? Adult: Seizure : 5-10mg IVP/IOP q 10-15min PRN, max of 30mg Sedation for Cardioversion: 5-15mg IVP/IOP 5-10min prior to Cardioversion.Ped: 0.2-0.5mg slowly q 2-5 min up to 5mg (Max dose 10 mg/kg)Rectal: 0.5mg/kg with 2-3ml air following Admin.
Digoxin Class? AKA LanoxinInotropic Agent
Digoxin MOA? Rapid-acting cardiac glycoside with direct & indirect effects that increase force of Myocardial Contractions, Increase Refractoy period of AV node, and increase total peripheral resistance.
Digoxin Indications? CHF, re-entry SVT, A-fib/Flutter
Digoxin Contraindications? V-fib, V-tach, Dig toxicity, Hypersensitivity
Digoxin Adverse Reactions? HA, weakness, Blurred Yellow or Green vision, Confusion, Seizures, Arrhythmias, N/V, & Skin rash
Digoxin Supplied? 0.5mg/2ml ampules, also tablets, caplsules, & elixirs
Digoxin Dosages? Adult: 10- 15mcg/kgPed: not recommended
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Class? AKA Cardizem, Lyo-jectCalcium Channel Blocker
Diltiazem Hydrochloride MOA? Block influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle; Prevents Coronary Artery Spasm; Arterial and Venous vasodilator. Reduces Pre & afterloads, Reduces Myocardial O2 Demand.
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Indications? Control of rapid ventricular rates due to A-fib/Flutter, & re-entry SVT, Angina Pectoris
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Contraindications? Hypotension, SSS, 2nd or 3rd Degree AV Block, Cardiogenic Shock, Wide-complex tachycardias, poison/drug-induced tachycardia.
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Adverse Reactions? Bradycardia, 2nd , 3rd AV Blocks, CP, CHF, syncope, V-fib, V-tach, N/V, Dizziness, Dry mouth, dyspnea, HA
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Supplied? 25mg/5mL; 50mg/10mL vials. Nonrefridgerated: Lyo-ject syringe
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Dosages? Adult: 0.25mg/kg (average dose 15-20mg) IVP over 2min. second dose 0.35mg/kg (20-25mg average) IVP over 2min. Mnt Infusion: 5-15mg/hPed: not recommended
Diphenhydramine Class? AKA BenadrylAntihistamine, Anticholinergic
Diphenhydramine MOA? Blocks celluar histamine receptors, Decreases vasodilation, Decreases motion sickness, Reverses extrapyramidal reactions.
Diphenhydramine Indications? Symptomatic Allergies, Allergic reactions, Anaphylaxis, Acute Dystonic reactions (Phenothiazines), Blood administrations reactions, Motion sickness, Hay fever
Diphenhydramine Contraindications? Asthma, Glaucoma, Pregnancy, hypertension, narrow angle glaucoma, infants, MAOI's monoamine oxidase Inhibitors.
Diphenhydramine Adverse Reactions? Sedation, Hypotension, Seizures, N/V, Urinary retension, palpitations, arrhythmias, Dry mouth & Throat, Paradoxical CNS excitation in children.
Diphenhydramine Supplied? prefilled syringes 50-100mg; Vials 12.5mg/5ml
Diphenhydramine Dosages? Adult: 25-50mg IM/IVP/IOP or PO, Ped: 1-2mg/kg slow IVP/IOP/IM/PO; PO dose 5mg/kg/24hrs
Dobutamine Class? AKA DobutrexSympathomimetic, Inotropic agent
Dobutamine MOA? Synthetic catecholamine, Increases myocardial contractility & stroke volume, Increases cardia output, Minimal Chronotropic activity, Increased renal blood flow
Dobutamine Indications? Cardiogenic Shock, CHF,L Ventricular dysfuntion,
Dobutamine Contraindications? Tachyarrhythmias, IHSS, Severe Hypotension
Dobutamine Adverse Reactions? Poss Increase MI size, HA, Arrhythmias, HTN, PVC's
Dobutamine Supplied? 250mg/20mL vials
Dobutamine Dosages? Adult: & Ped: 2-20mcg/kg/min titrated to desired effect.
Dopamine Class? AKA IntropinSympathomimetic, Inotropic Agent
Dopamine MOA? Immediate metabolic precursor to norepinepherine. Increases systemic vascular resistance, dilates renal & splanchnic vasculature. Increases myocardial contractility & stroke volume.
Dopamine Indications? Cardiogenic, Septic, or Spinal Shock, Hypotension with low cardic output states, Distributive Shock.
Dopamine Contraindications? Hypovolemic Shock, Pheochromocytoma, Tachyarrhythmias, V-fib.
Dopamine Adverse Reactions? Cardia Arrhythmias, Hypertension, Increased Myocardial O2 Demand, Extravasation may cause tissue necrosis.
Dopamine Supplied? 200mg/5mL, or 400mg/5mL, prefilled syringes, ampules, for IV infusion. 400mg/250mL premixed solutions.
Dopamine Dosages? Adult: Pedi: 2-20mcg/kg/min tirated to Pt response.
Epinephrine Class? AKA AdrenalinClass: Sympathomimetic
Epinephrine MOA? Direct acting Alpha and Beta agonist. Alpha - VasoconstrictionBeta 1- Positive Inotropic, Chronotropic, & Dromotropic effectsBeta 2- Bronchial smooth muscle relation & dilation of skeletal vasculature.
Epinephrine Indications? V-fib/pulsless V-tach, Asystole, PEA, Symptomatic Bradycardia as Alternative to Dopamine, Allergic reactions, Anaphalaxis, Asthma, Severe Hypotension secondary to bradycardia when atropine and Trans Pacing are unsuccessful.
Epinephrine Contraindication? Hypertension, Hypothermia, Pulmonary Edema, Myocardial Ischemia, Hypovolemic Shock.
Epinephrine Adverse Reactions? Hypertension, Tachycardia, Arrhythmias, Pulmonary Edema, Anxiety, Restlessness, Psychomotor Agitation, N/V, HA, Angina
Epinephrine Supplied? 1: 1,000 1mg/mL Vials, Ampules1: 10,000 1mg/10mL Prefilled Syringes,Epi Pen. 0.5 mg/mL (1:2000)
Epinephrine Dosages? Adult: Mild Allergic reaction : 0.3-0.5mg SC 1:1,000Anaphylaxis: 0.1mg IVP/IOP1:10,000Cardiac Arrest: 1mg 1:10,000 IVP/IOP every 3-5min during resuscitaion efforts.Pedi: allergic/anaphylaxis: 0.01mg/kg SC. Cardiac Arrest: 0.01mg/kg 1:10,000 IVP/IOP 3-5
Furosemide Class? AKA LasixLoop Diuretic
Furosemide MOA? Inhibits electrolyte reabsorption & promotes excreation of Sodium, Potasium, Chloride
Furosemide Indications? CHF, Pulmonary Edema, Hypertensive Crisis
Furosemide Contraindications? Hypovolemia, Anuria, Hypotension, hypersensitivity, Hepatic Coma.
Furosemide Adverse Reactions? May exacerbate hypovolemia, hypokalemia, ECG changes, dry mouth, hypochloremia, hyperglycemia (due to hemoconcentration)
Furosemide Supplied? 100mg/5mL, 20mg/2mL, 40mg/4mL vials
Furosemide Dosages? Adult: 0.5-1mg/kg IVP/IOP over 1-2min, if no response double dosePedi: 1mg/kg dose IVP/IOP
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Class? AKA XylocaineAntiarrhythmic
Lidocaine Hydrochloride MOA? Decreases automaticity by slowing the rate of phase 4 depolarization.
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Indications? Alternative to amiodarone in Cardiac Arrest from V-fib/Pulsless V-tach, Stable mono-/polymorphic V-tach with normal baseline QT intervals
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Contraindications? Hypersensitivity, 2nd/3rd degree blocks without pacemakers, Stokes Adams Syndrome, Prophylactic use in AMI, Wide-complex Ventricular escape beats with Bradycardia.
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Adverse Reactions? Slurred Speech, Seizures (with high doses), Altered Mental Status, Confusion, Lightheadedness, Blurred Vision, Bradycardia.
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Supplied? 100mg/5mL Prefilled Syringes, Vials (20mg/mL), 1G & 2G vials in 30mL of Solution.
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Dosages Adult? Adult: V-fib/pulseless V-tach: 1-1.5mg/kg, followed by 0.5-0.75mg/kg every 5-10min, Max of 3mg/kg. Stable V-tach wide complex Unk origin, significant ectopy 0.5-0.75 mg/kg up to 1-1.5mg/kg max 3mg/kg. Maintenance drip: 1-4mg/min (20-50mcg/kg/min)
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Dosages Pedi? Pedi:1mg/kg IVP/IOP Max 100mg, Continuous infution 20-50mcg/kg/min. Admin bolus 1mg/kg if not given in last 15min prior to initiation of infusion.
Nitroglycerin Calss? AKA Nitrostat, TridilVasodilator
Nitroglycerin MOA? Smooth muscle relaxant acting on vascular, bronchial, uterine, & intestinal smooth muscles. Peripherial Arteriole and venus dialation. Reduction in pre/afterloads, decreaes myocardia O2 demands.
Nitroglycerin Indications? Acute angina, Ischemic CP, Hypertension, CHF, Pulomonary Edema
Nitroglycerin Contraindications? Hypotension, Hypovolemia, Intracranial Bleeding, Head Trauma, Use of a ED vasodialtor within the last 24 hrs
Nitroglycerin Adverse Reactions? HA, Hypotension, Syncope, Reflex Tachicardia, Flushing, N/V, Diaphoresis, Muscle Twitching.
Nitroglycerin Supplied? 0.15mg, 0.3mg, 0.4mg, 0.6mg Tablets. 0.4mg-0.8mg NGT Spry SL.
Nitroglycerin Dosages? Adult: Sl tablets/Spray 0.3-0.4mg SL 3-5min, Max of 3 doses. Pedi not recommended
Vasopressin Class? AKA Pitressin Antidiuretic Horomone
Vasopressin MOA? Stimulation of V1 smooth Muscle receptors, Potenet vasocontrictor in high dosaes.
Vasopressin Indications? Alternative to 1st or 2nd dose of EPI in Cardiac Arrest, May be usful in cases of Vasodilatory Shock (Septic Shock)
Vasopressin Contraindication? Responsive PT's CAD
Vasopressin Adverse Reactions? Bronchoconstriction, Ischemic CP, N/V, ABD Pain.
Vasopressin Supplied? 20units/mL
Vasopressin Dosages? Adult: 40 unit one time dose IVP/IOP, to replace EPI 1st or 2nd dose in Cardiac Arrest. Pedi not Recommended
Succinycholine Class? Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, paralyzing agent.
Succinycholine MOA? Bind to the receptors for acetycholine
Succinycholine Indications? To facilitate intubation, to terminate laryngospasm, to promote muscle relaxation, to facilitate electroconvuulsive shock thearpy
Succinycholine Contraindications? Acute narrow angle glaucoma, penetrating eye injuries, inability to control airway or support ventilations with oxygen and positive pressure
Succinycholine Adverse reactions? Apnea, maliugnant hyperthermia, arrhythmias, bradycardia, hypertension, hypotension, cardiac arrest, hyperkalemia, increased intraocular pressure, fasciculations, exacerbation of hyperkalemia in trauma patients
Succinycholine Supplied? 40mg in 2 ml ampule (20mg/ml) 100 mg in 5 ml ampule (20 mg/ml) multidose vial.
Succinycholine Dosage? Adult: 1-2 mg/kg rapid IV; repeat once if needed Pedi: 1-1.5 mg/kg rapid IV , IO repeat once if needed
Created by: ub4uf
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