click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Class 037 Drug cards
Emergency care in the streets Drug cards
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Activated Charcoal Class? | Absorbent |
Activated Charcoal MOA? | Absorbs toxic substances from the GI tract. Onset of action is immediate |
Activated Charcoal Indications? | Most oral poisonings and Med OD's Can be used floowing the evacuation of poisons |
Activated Charcoal Contraindications? | PO administration to Altered mental PTAfter ingestion of Corrosives, caustics, or petrolium based products (ineffective, May induce vomiting) Simultaneous administration with other PO meds. |
Activated Charcoal supplied? | 25 g/125 mL, or 50 g/250 mL both with a 200mg/ml concentration |
Activated Charcoal dose? | Adult/Peds: 1-2 g/Kg PO or NGT |
Activated Charcoal Adverse reactions? | May induce N/V. Constipation. Black stool |
Adenosine Class? | AKA AdenocardEndogenous nucleotide |
Adenosine MOA? | Slows conduction time through AV node; Slows HR, Acts directly on sinus pacemaker cells, Med of choice in re-entry SVT, |
Adenosine Indications? | PSVT, May convert re-entry SVT due to Wolff-Parkinsons White Syndrome |
Adenosine Contraindications? | 2nd or 3rd degree heart block, SSS, Afib/flutter, V-tach, Hypersensitivity, poison induced tach |
Adenosine Aderse reactions? | Facial flushing, SOB, CP, HA, paresthesia, Palpitations, Hypotension, Nausea, Metallic taste. |
Adenosine supplied? | 6 mg/ 2 mL vials. |
Adenosine Dose? | Adult: 6mg over 1-3 sec, imediate 20ml saline flush, Elevate extremity. Second dose 12 mg over 1-3 sec with immedate saline flush. Max of 30mg.Peds: 0.1-0.2 mg/Kg rapid IVP; Max single dose 12 mg |
Albuterol Class? | AKA Proventil, VentolinClass: Sympathomimetic, Bronchodilator |
Albuterol MOA? | Selective Beta-2 Agonist that stimulates adrenergic receptorsof the sympathetic NS resulting in smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree and peripheral vasulature. |
Albuterol Indications? | Bronchiospasms in Pt's with reversable COPD/Asthma, prevention of exercised induced Bronchiospasm. |
Albuterol Contraindications? | Hypersensitivity, Tach arrhythmias,arrythmias caused by Digitalis, Synergistic with other Sympathomimetics. |
Albuterol Supplied? | 5 mg/mL Prefilled 2.5mg/3mL |
Albuterol Dose? | Adult: 2.5mg diluted 0.5mL of 0.5% solution with 2.5mL normal saline Pedi:0.05 - 0.15 mg/Kg/dose diluted in 2 mL of normal saline. |
Amiodarone Class | AKA Cordarone, PaceroneAntiarrhythmic |
Amiodarone MOA? | Blocks Sodium channels and myocardial potassium channels |
Amiodarone Indications? | V-fib/Pulseless V-tach & Unstable V-tach in PT's refractory to other therapy |
Amiodarone Contraindications? | Hypersensitivity, Cardiogenic shock, sinus bradycardia, 2nd or 3rd Degree AV Block ( unless a functional pacemaker is available) |
Albuterol Adverse Reactions? | Dose related includes restlessness, tremors, dizziness, palpitations, tachycardia, nervousness, periphial vasodialation, N/V, Hyperglycmia, HTN, and paradoxical bronchospasms |
Amiodarone Adverse Reations? | Hypotension, Bradycarida, Prolonation of the P-R, QRS, and Q-T intervals |
Amiodarone Supplied? | 150mg/3mL (50mg/mL) |
Amiodarone Dosage? | Adult: V-fib/pulseless V-tach unresponsive to CPR, D-fib, & Vasopressors: 300 mg IVP/IOP Recomended Dilute in 20-30 ml D5W) Can be repeated in 3-5 min @ 150 mg IVP/IOPPedi: 5mg/kg IV/IO bolus. Can repeat 5mg/kg IV/IO bolus to a maximum dose 15mg/kg |
Aspirin Class? | Platelet inhibitor, anti-inflammatory agent. |
Aspirin MOA? | Postaglandin inhibition |
Aspirin Indications? | New onset CP suggestive of acute MI. S/S suggestive of recent CVA. |
Aspirin Contraindications? | Hypersensitivity, Active ulcers or asthma |
Aspirin Adverse Reactions? | Heartburn, GI bleeding, prolonged bleeding, N/V, Wheezing in allergic PT's |
Aspirin Supplied? | 81mg, 160mg, or 325mg tablets Chewable and standard |
Aspirin Dosage? | 160mg to 325mg PO (chewed if possible) |
Atropine Sulfate Class? | Anticholinergic agent |
Atropine Sulfate MOA? | Parasympatholytic: inhibits action of ACH at postgangliotic parasympathetic neuroeffector sites. Increases HR Chromotopic in lifethreating bradyarrhythmias. |
Atropine Sulfate Indications? | Hemodynamically unstable bradycardia, Asytole, Bradycardic PEA, Organophosphate poisoning, bronchospastic pulomary disorders. |
Atropine Sulfate Contraindiactions? | Tachycardia, hypersensitivity, unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage and myocardial ischemia, narrow angle glaucoma |
Atropine Sulfate Adverse Reations? | HA,dizziness, Palpitations, N/V, tachycardia, arrhythmias, anticholinergic effects, Paradoxical bradycardia when pushed slowly or at low doses, Flushed, hot, dry skin. |
Atropine Sulfate Supplied? | prefilled syringes: 1mg / 10mL (0.1mg/mL)Neb: ( 1mg/0.5mL) and (2.5mg/0.5mL) |
Atropine Sulfate Dosage? | Adult: Asystole Bradycardic PEA: 1mg IVP/IOP, repeat to max of 3mg. Unstable Brady 0.5mg every 3-5, max 3mg.Organo Poisoning 2-4mg till SLUDGEM subsides no Max. Pedi: 0.02 mg/Kg IVP/IOP, second 0.04 mg/Kg IVP/IOP,Minimum dose 0.1mg. Max 1mg ch, 2mg ad. |
Benocaine spray Class? | (AKA Hurricane)Topical Anesthetic |
Benocaine spray MOA? | Stabilizes neuronal membrane |
Benocaine spray Indications? | Lubricant and topical Anesthetic to faccilitate passage of diagnostic and treatment devices.Suppresses the pharyngeal & tracheal gag reflex. |
Benocaine spray Contraindications? | Hypersensitivity to Benocaine. |
Benocaine spray Adverse Reactions? | rare occasions following use reports of Methemoglobinemia. |
Benocaine spray Supplied? | Multi-dose aerosol can. 20% benzocaine |
Benocaine spray Dosages? | Adult: 0.5 - 1.0 sec spray, repeat as needed.Pedi: 0.25 - 0.5 sec spray, repeat as needed. |
Calcium Chloride Class? | Electrolyte |
Calcium Chloride MOA? | Increases cardiac contractillity (Inotropic effect). May enhance ventricular automaticity. |
Calcium Chloride Indications? | Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia, Mag OD, Calcium Channel Blocker OD, Adjunctive therapy in treatment of insect bites & stings |
Calcium Chloride Contraindications? | Hypercalcemia, V-Fib, Dig toxicity |
Calcium Chloride Adverse Reactions? | Bradycardia, Asystole, Hypotension, Peripheal Artery spasm, N/V |
Calcium Chloride Supplied? | Prefilled syringes 10% solution in 10mL(100mg/mL) |
Calcium Chloride Dosages? | Adult: 500mg to 1000mg IVP/IOP, for HYperkalemia & Calcium Channel Blocker OD's. Repeat as needed.Ped: 20mg/kg slow IVP/IOP, Max 1G dose may repeat in 10 min. |
Dextrose Class? | Carbohydrate, Hypertonic Solution |
Dextrose MOA? | Rapidly increases serum gluclose levels. Short-term osmotic diuresis. |
Dextrose Indications? | Hypoglycemia, Altered LOC, Coma or Seizure of unk etiology, Status Epilepticus. |
Dextrose Contraindications? | Intracrainial Hemorrhage |
Dextrose Adverse Reactions? | Tissue Necrosis in extravasculor, Warmth, Pn, Burning, Thrombophlebitis, rhabdomyolysis, Hyperglycemia. |
Dextrose Supplied? | 25G/50mL prefilled syringes. |
Dextrose Dosage? | Adult: 12.5 - 25g slow IVP, repeat as necessary.Ped: 0.5 - 1G/kg IVP repeat as necessary. |
Diazepam Class? | AKA ValiumBenzodiazepine, Sedative-hypnotic, Anticonvulsant |
Diazepam MOA? | Potentiates effects of inhibitory neurotranmitters, Raises seizure threshold, Induces Amnesia & Sedation |
Diazepam Indications? | Seizure Activity, Alcohol Witdrawal (DT's), Acute anxiety, Agitation, Analgesia for Med proceedures (Cardioversion, FX reduction) |
Diazepam Contraindications? | Hypersensitivity, Glaucoma, Coma, Shock, Substance Abuse, Head Injury |
Diazepam Adverse Reactions? | Resiratory Depression, Hypotension, Drowsiness, Ataxia, Reflex Tachycardia, N/V, Confusion, Thrombosis, & Phlebitis |
Diazepam Supplied? | 10mg/5mL prefilled Syringe, Vials, Ampules, and Tubex |
Diazepam Dosages? | Adult: Seizure : 5-10mg IVP/IOP q 10-15min PRN, max of 30mg Sedation for Cardioversion: 5-15mg IVP/IOP 5-10min prior to Cardioversion.Ped: 0.2-0.5mg slowly q 2-5 min up to 5mg (Max dose 10 mg/kg)Rectal: 0.5mg/kg with 2-3ml air following Admin. |
Digoxin Class? | AKA LanoxinInotropic Agent |
Digoxin MOA? | Rapid-acting cardiac glycoside with direct & indirect effects that increase force of Myocardial Contractions, Increase Refractoy period of AV node, and increase total peripheral resistance. |
Digoxin Indications? | CHF, re-entry SVT, A-fib/Flutter |
Digoxin Contraindications? | V-fib, V-tach, Dig toxicity, Hypersensitivity |
Digoxin Adverse Reactions? | HA, weakness, Blurred Yellow or Green vision, Confusion, Seizures, Arrhythmias, N/V, & Skin rash |
Digoxin Supplied? | 0.5mg/2ml ampules, also tablets, caplsules, & elixirs |
Digoxin Dosages? | Adult: 10- 15mcg/kgPed: not recommended |
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Class? | AKA Cardizem, Lyo-jectCalcium Channel Blocker |
Diltiazem Hydrochloride MOA? | Block influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle; Prevents Coronary Artery Spasm; Arterial and Venous vasodilator. Reduces Pre & afterloads, Reduces Myocardial O2 Demand. |
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Indications? | Control of rapid ventricular rates due to A-fib/Flutter, & re-entry SVT, Angina Pectoris |
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Contraindications? | Hypotension, SSS, 2nd or 3rd Degree AV Block, Cardiogenic Shock, Wide-complex tachycardias, poison/drug-induced tachycardia. |
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Adverse Reactions? | Bradycardia, 2nd , 3rd AV Blocks, CP, CHF, syncope, V-fib, V-tach, N/V, Dizziness, Dry mouth, dyspnea, HA |
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Supplied? | 25mg/5mL; 50mg/10mL vials. Nonrefridgerated: Lyo-ject syringe |
Diltiazem Hydrochloride Dosages? | Adult: 0.25mg/kg (average dose 15-20mg) IVP over 2min. second dose 0.35mg/kg (20-25mg average) IVP over 2min. Mnt Infusion: 5-15mg/hPed: not recommended |
Diphenhydramine Class? | AKA BenadrylAntihistamine, Anticholinergic |
Diphenhydramine MOA? | Blocks celluar histamine receptors, Decreases vasodilation, Decreases motion sickness, Reverses extrapyramidal reactions. |
Diphenhydramine Indications? | Symptomatic Allergies, Allergic reactions, Anaphylaxis, Acute Dystonic reactions (Phenothiazines), Blood administrations reactions, Motion sickness, Hay fever |
Diphenhydramine Contraindications? | Asthma, Glaucoma, Pregnancy, hypertension, narrow angle glaucoma, infants, MAOI's monoamine oxidase Inhibitors. |
Diphenhydramine Adverse Reactions? | Sedation, Hypotension, Seizures, N/V, Urinary retension, palpitations, arrhythmias, Dry mouth & Throat, Paradoxical CNS excitation in children. |
Diphenhydramine Supplied? | prefilled syringes 50-100mg; Vials 12.5mg/5ml |
Diphenhydramine Dosages? | Adult: 25-50mg IM/IVP/IOP or PO, Ped: 1-2mg/kg slow IVP/IOP/IM/PO; PO dose 5mg/kg/24hrs |
Dobutamine Class? | AKA DobutrexSympathomimetic, Inotropic agent |
Dobutamine MOA? | Synthetic catecholamine, Increases myocardial contractility & stroke volume, Increases cardia output, Minimal Chronotropic activity, Increased renal blood flow |
Dobutamine Indications? | Cardiogenic Shock, CHF,L Ventricular dysfuntion, |
Dobutamine Contraindications? | Tachyarrhythmias, IHSS, Severe Hypotension |
Dobutamine Adverse Reactions? | Poss Increase MI size, HA, Arrhythmias, HTN, PVC's |
Dobutamine Supplied? | 250mg/20mL vials |
Dobutamine Dosages? | Adult: & Ped: 2-20mcg/kg/min titrated to desired effect. |
Dopamine Class? | AKA IntropinSympathomimetic, Inotropic Agent |
Dopamine MOA? | Immediate metabolic precursor to norepinepherine. Increases systemic vascular resistance, dilates renal & splanchnic vasculature. Increases myocardial contractility & stroke volume. |
Dopamine Indications? | Cardiogenic, Septic, or Spinal Shock, Hypotension with low cardic output states, Distributive Shock. |
Dopamine Contraindications? | Hypovolemic Shock, Pheochromocytoma, Tachyarrhythmias, V-fib. |
Dopamine Adverse Reactions? | Cardia Arrhythmias, Hypertension, Increased Myocardial O2 Demand, Extravasation may cause tissue necrosis. |
Dopamine Supplied? | 200mg/5mL, or 400mg/5mL, prefilled syringes, ampules, for IV infusion. 400mg/250mL premixed solutions. |
Dopamine Dosages? | Adult: Pedi: 2-20mcg/kg/min tirated to Pt response. |
Epinephrine Class? | AKA AdrenalinClass: Sympathomimetic |
Epinephrine MOA? | Direct acting Alpha and Beta agonist. Alpha - VasoconstrictionBeta 1- Positive Inotropic, Chronotropic, & Dromotropic effectsBeta 2- Bronchial smooth muscle relation & dilation of skeletal vasculature. |
Epinephrine Indications? | V-fib/pulsless V-tach, Asystole, PEA, Symptomatic Bradycardia as Alternative to Dopamine, Allergic reactions, Anaphalaxis, Asthma, Severe Hypotension secondary to bradycardia when atropine and Trans Pacing are unsuccessful. |
Epinephrine Contraindication? | Hypertension, Hypothermia, Pulmonary Edema, Myocardial Ischemia, Hypovolemic Shock. |
Epinephrine Adverse Reactions? | Hypertension, Tachycardia, Arrhythmias, Pulmonary Edema, Anxiety, Restlessness, Psychomotor Agitation, N/V, HA, Angina |
Epinephrine Supplied? | 1: 1,000 1mg/mL Vials, Ampules1: 10,000 1mg/10mL Prefilled Syringes,Epi Pen. 0.5 mg/mL (1:2000) |
Epinephrine Dosages? | Adult: Mild Allergic reaction : 0.3-0.5mg SC 1:1,000Anaphylaxis: 0.1mg IVP/IOP1:10,000Cardiac Arrest: 1mg 1:10,000 IVP/IOP every 3-5min during resuscitaion efforts.Pedi: allergic/anaphylaxis: 0.01mg/kg SC. Cardiac Arrest: 0.01mg/kg 1:10,000 IVP/IOP 3-5 |
Furosemide Class? | AKA LasixLoop Diuretic |
Furosemide MOA? | Inhibits electrolyte reabsorption & promotes excreation of Sodium, Potasium, Chloride |
Furosemide Indications? | CHF, Pulmonary Edema, Hypertensive Crisis |
Furosemide Contraindications? | Hypovolemia, Anuria, Hypotension, hypersensitivity, Hepatic Coma. |
Furosemide Adverse Reactions? | May exacerbate hypovolemia, hypokalemia, ECG changes, dry mouth, hypochloremia, hyperglycemia (due to hemoconcentration) |
Furosemide Supplied? | 100mg/5mL, 20mg/2mL, 40mg/4mL vials |
Furosemide Dosages? | Adult: 0.5-1mg/kg IVP/IOP over 1-2min, if no response double dosePedi: 1mg/kg dose IVP/IOP |
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Class? | AKA XylocaineAntiarrhythmic |
Lidocaine Hydrochloride MOA? | Decreases automaticity by slowing the rate of phase 4 depolarization. |
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Indications? | Alternative to amiodarone in Cardiac Arrest from V-fib/Pulsless V-tach, Stable mono-/polymorphic V-tach with normal baseline QT intervals |
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Contraindications? | Hypersensitivity, 2nd/3rd degree blocks without pacemakers, Stokes Adams Syndrome, Prophylactic use in AMI, Wide-complex Ventricular escape beats with Bradycardia. |
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Adverse Reactions? | Slurred Speech, Seizures (with high doses), Altered Mental Status, Confusion, Lightheadedness, Blurred Vision, Bradycardia. |
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Supplied? | 100mg/5mL Prefilled Syringes, Vials (20mg/mL), 1G & 2G vials in 30mL of Solution. |
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Dosages Adult? | Adult: V-fib/pulseless V-tach: 1-1.5mg/kg, followed by 0.5-0.75mg/kg every 5-10min, Max of 3mg/kg. Stable V-tach wide complex Unk origin, significant ectopy 0.5-0.75 mg/kg up to 1-1.5mg/kg max 3mg/kg. Maintenance drip: 1-4mg/min (20-50mcg/kg/min) |
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Dosages Pedi? | Pedi:1mg/kg IVP/IOP Max 100mg, Continuous infution 20-50mcg/kg/min. Admin bolus 1mg/kg if not given in last 15min prior to initiation of infusion. |
Nitroglycerin Calss? | AKA Nitrostat, TridilVasodilator |
Nitroglycerin MOA? | Smooth muscle relaxant acting on vascular, bronchial, uterine, & intestinal smooth muscles. Peripherial Arteriole and venus dialation. Reduction in pre/afterloads, decreaes myocardia O2 demands. |
Nitroglycerin Indications? | Acute angina, Ischemic CP, Hypertension, CHF, Pulomonary Edema |
Nitroglycerin Contraindications? | Hypotension, Hypovolemia, Intracranial Bleeding, Head Trauma, Use of a ED vasodialtor within the last 24 hrs |
Nitroglycerin Adverse Reactions? | HA, Hypotension, Syncope, Reflex Tachicardia, Flushing, N/V, Diaphoresis, Muscle Twitching. |
Nitroglycerin Supplied? | 0.15mg, 0.3mg, 0.4mg, 0.6mg Tablets. 0.4mg-0.8mg NGT Spry SL. |
Nitroglycerin Dosages? | Adult: Sl tablets/Spray 0.3-0.4mg SL 3-5min, Max of 3 doses. Pedi not recommended |
Vasopressin Class? | AKA Pitressin Antidiuretic Horomone |
Vasopressin MOA? | Stimulation of V1 smooth Muscle receptors, Potenet vasocontrictor in high dosaes. |
Vasopressin Indications? | Alternative to 1st or 2nd dose of EPI in Cardiac Arrest, May be usful in cases of Vasodilatory Shock (Septic Shock) |
Vasopressin Contraindication? | Responsive PT's CAD |
Vasopressin Adverse Reactions? | Bronchoconstriction, Ischemic CP, N/V, ABD Pain. |
Vasopressin Supplied? | 20units/mL |
Vasopressin Dosages? | Adult: 40 unit one time dose IVP/IOP, to replace EPI 1st or 2nd dose in Cardiac Arrest. Pedi not Recommended |
Succinycholine Class? | Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker, paralyzing agent. |
Succinycholine MOA? | Bind to the receptors for acetycholine |
Succinycholine Indications? | To facilitate intubation, to terminate laryngospasm, to promote muscle relaxation, to facilitate electroconvuulsive shock thearpy |
Succinycholine Contraindications? | Acute narrow angle glaucoma, penetrating eye injuries, inability to control airway or support ventilations with oxygen and positive pressure |
Succinycholine Adverse reactions? | Apnea, maliugnant hyperthermia, arrhythmias, bradycardia, hypertension, hypotension, cardiac arrest, hyperkalemia, increased intraocular pressure, fasciculations, exacerbation of hyperkalemia in trauma patients |
Succinycholine Supplied? | 40mg in 2 ml ampule (20mg/ml) 100 mg in 5 ml ampule (20 mg/ml) multidose vial. |
Succinycholine Dosage? | Adult: 1-2 mg/kg rapid IV; repeat once if needed Pedi: 1-1.5 mg/kg rapid IV , IO repeat once if needed |