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Ecology Terms

grade 9 Ecology Terms and Definitions

TermDefinition
Ecology Study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment in a system.
Abiotic Non living things,physical things such as, minerals, air or things measured such as temperature, hours of daylight, salt concentration
Biotic Living, these factors are organism such as plants, animals, mushrooms, bacteria, algae.
Ecosystem Any network of interacting living & non-living factors.
Natural Ecosystem A natural Ecosystem is neither planned nor maintained by people
Artificial Ecosystem Artificial Ecosystem is planned and maintained by people. Examples are cities, zoos, Aquarium, Farms.
Species A group of similar organisms in a Ecosystem that can reproduce with each other.
Population A group of members of the same species that live in the same area .
Community Populations of different species that live and interact in the same area.
Niche All the interactions of a given species with its Ecosystem.
Biome Large geographical region that contains similar ecosystems.
Terrestrial Land- based/ aquatic- water based .
Biosphere A part of our planet,including water,land and air where life exists. Biomes combine to form this.
Herbivores An animal that eats ONLY plants.
Carnivores An animal that eats mostly meat.
Omnivores An animal that eats both plants and meat.
Predators Animals that catches and feeds off of other living animals.
Scavengers An animal that mostly eats decaying biomass.
Parasites Obtain their food by feeding off another organism which continues to live.
Detritivores A consumer that feeds on organic matter.
Decomposes A special group of consumers that break down organic matter an relase the nutrients back into the ecosystems.
Autotroph Organisms that can make their own food from basic nutrients and sunlight. Ex green,algae,plant
Heterotroph Organisms that must feed on other organisms to obtain energy.
Food chains Show A step -by- step sequence of who eats whom in an ecosystem & the one-way flow energy from the producer to the top level consumer.
Photosynthesis The process plants use to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. (CO2+ H20+ Suger + O2)
Biodiversity Number and range of different organisms in an area.
Toxins
Bioaccumulation Gradual build-up of chemicals in an organism’s body.
Respiration Species that no longer exist in a particular region but still occurs elsewhere.
Extirpated Species that no longer exist in a particular region but still occurs elsewhere.
Amphibious Born in water, breathing with gills but can live on land or in water.
Carrying Capacity Maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can support without reducing its ability to support future generations of the same species.
Commensalism Type of symbiosis in which one species benefits from a relationship without helping or harming the other species.
Mutulism A type of symbiosis in which both species benefit from the symbiotic partnership.
Symbiosis Close interaction between two different species in which members of one species lives in on or near members of another species.
Environment All living things and nonliving things that exist on Earth.
Habitat The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.
Created by: ho168ch
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