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Ecology Terms
grade 9 science Ecology Terms and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment in a system. |
| Abiotic | Non-living things, physical things such as, minerals, air or things measured such as temperature, hours of daylight, salt concentrate. |
| Biotic | Living. These factors are organisms such as plants, animals mushrooms, bacteria, or algae. |
| Ecosystem | Any network of interacting living and non-living factors. |
| Natural ecosystem | A natural ecosystem is neither planned nor maintained by people. |
| Artificial ecosystem | Artificial ecosystem is planned and maintained by people. Examples are cities, zoos, Aquarium, Farms |
| species | A group of similar organisms and ecosystem that can reproduce with each other. |
| population | a group of members of the same species that live in the same area. |
| community | Population of different species that live and interact in the same area. |
| Niche | All the interactions of a given species with its ecosystem. |
| Biome | Large geographical region that contains similar ecosystems. |
| Terrestrial | land based. |
| Aquatic | water based. |
| Biosphere | A part of our planet, including water, land and air, where life exists. Biomes combine to form this... |
| Herbivores | an animal that only eats plants. |
| carnivores | an animal that eats mostly meat. |
| omnivores | an animal that eats both plants and meat. |
| predators | an animal that catches and feeds off other live animals. |
| scavengers | an animal that mostly eats decaying biomass. |
| Parasites | they obtain their food by feeding off another organism which |
| Detritivores | A consumer that feeds on organic matter |
| Decomposers | a special group of consumers that break down organic matter and release the nutrients back into the ecosystem |
| Autotroph | Organisms that can make their own food from basic nutrients and sunlight. Examples:green plant,algae |
| Heterotroph | organisms that must feed on other organisms to obtain energy |
| Food chains | show A step-by-step sequence of who eats whom in an ecosystem & the one-way flow of energy from the producer to the top level consumer. |
| Photosynthesis | The process plants use to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. (CO2+H20→ sugar + O2) |
| Biodiversity | Number and range of different organisms in an area. |
| Toxins | |
| Bioaccumulation | gradual build-up of chemicals in an organism’s body |
| Respiration | |
| Extirpated | species that no longer exist in a particular region but still occurs elsewhere |
| Amphibious | born in water, breathing with gills but can live on land or in water |
| Carrying capacity | maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can support without reducing its ability to support future generations of the same species |
| Commensalism | type of symbiosis in which one species benefits from a relationship without helping or harming the other species. |
| mutualism | A type of symbiosis in which both species benefit from the symbiotic partnership. |
| symbiosis | Close interaction between two different species in which members of one species lives in on or near members of another species |
| Environment | all living things and nonliving things that exist on Earth |
| Habitat | The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism. |
| FOOD WEBS | A pictorial representation of the feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem. |
Created by:
ho577ou
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