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DH 282 Chapter 6+23
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Substance use disorders | Occur when the recurrent use of alcohol and/or drugs causes clinically and functionally significant impairment |
| Enabling | The behavior of family or friends who associate with the addict that results in continued substance use disorder |
| Habitation | Physiologic tolerance to or psychological dependence on a drug |
| Misuse | Use of a drug for a disease state in a way considered inappropriate |
| Physical/physiological dependence | The state in which the drug is necessary for the continued functioning of certain body process. |
| Psychologic dependence | The state in which, following withdrawal of the drug, there are manifestations of emotional abnormalities and drug-seeking behavior. |
| Relapse | Return to drug use after an attempt to stop |
| Tolerance | With repeated dosing, the dose of a drug must be increased to obtain the same effect. |
| Withdrawal | The constellation of symptoms, as specified in the DSM-5, that occurs when a physically dependent person stops taking the drug. |
| Mixed Opioid (CNS Depressants) | Ethyl Alcohol |
| Opioid Analgesic (Agonists) | Heroin Meperidine (Demerol) |
| Benzodiazepine (Sedative-hypnotics) | Diazepam (Valium) |
| CNS stimulants | Cocaine Methamphetamine (Desoxyn) Caffeine (Stay Awake) Nicotine (Nicorette, Nicoderm) |
| Withdrawal drugs (NDRI) | Buproprion (Wellbutrin SR) |
| Withdrawal drugs (nicotine receptor partial antagonists) | Verenicline (Chantrix) |
| Psychedelics (hallucinogens) | Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) Phencyclidine (PCP) Ecstasy Cannabis (Marijuana) |
| Codeine | Most commonly used opioid in dentistry |
| Codeine + Tylenol | Tylenol 3, provides greater pain relief |
| Cocaine: | Abusers exhibit dilated pupils (mydriasis) |
| Morphine | First natural opiate used for acute or severe pain |
| Oxycodone | Semi-synthetic opioid |
| Oxycodone + acetaminophen | Percocet |
| Oxycodone + aspirin | Percodan |
| Naloxone (Narcan) | Is an opioid antagonist and used to treat opioid overdose |
| Agonists | Refers to a substance that binds to and activates a receptor in the body |
| Mixed opioids | Also known as mixed agonist-antagonist opioids, refer to a class of opioids that have both agonistic (activating) and antagonistic (blocking) effects on opioid receptors in the nervous system |
| Antagonists | Are substances that bind to receptors in the body but do not activate them. Instead, they block or inhibit the action of agonists |
| Narcotics | Original name for opioid drugs. Derived from the Greek work which means “inducing stupor or sleep” |
| Opioid agonists | Morphine (MS Contin, Kadian, Roxanol, Duramorph) Oxycodone (Percocet) Hydrocodone (Vicodin) Codeine (Codeine 15) Methadone (Methadose) Fentanyl (Duragesic, Actiq, Subsys,Sublimaze) |
| Opioid antagonists | Naloxone (Narcan) |
| Mixed opioids | Buprenorphine (Buprenex) Tramadol (Ultram) |
| Additional Opioid Analgesics Substance Abuse Drugs | methadone (Methadose) morphine (MS Contin) fentanyl (Duragesic) acetaminophen/oxycodone (Percocet) acetaminophen/hydrocodone (Vicodin) |
Created by:
sarah.gonzalez
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