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Cells

Cell Structure & Function

TermDefinition
cell basic unit of structure and function in a living thing
organelle tiny structures (organs) inside the cell
cell wall rigid layer that gives plant cells (and some others) structure and support. Located outside the cell membrane
cell membrane flexible membrane that controls what moves into and out of the cell
nucleus the control center (brain) of the cell, directs the cell's activities and contains the DNA
cytoplasm gel-like fluid inside the cell membrane where organelles are found
mitochondria "powerhouse" that converts food molecules to energy for the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum passageways to move proteins and other materials throughout the cell
ribosome the "workers" that produce proteins
Golgi body receives, packages, and distributes materials throughout the cell *like the post office
chloroplast captures sunlight energy and uses it to produce food(glucose) for the cell
central vacuole Large storage container that holds water and other materials
lysosome organelle filled with enzymes that break down waste materials in the cell, some materials can be re-used
semi-permeable some (not all) substances can pass through
Eukaryotic Cells Do contain a nucleus and other organelles that are surrounded by membranes.
Prokaryotic Cells No nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
vesicle small transport "bubble" that contains materials moving through the cell. Often found breaking off of the Golgi
nucleolus Dense center of the nucleus that produces ribosomes
chromatin strands of the genetic material, DNA
Rough ER ribosomes attached, helps make proteins
Smooth ER no ribosomes, makes lipids and helps detoxify
Created by: user-1866075
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