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Chapter 2 Bio Vocab

TermDefinition
Substance A form of matter that has characteristic chemical properties
Atom The smallest stable unit of all matter (physical material), which is comprised of protons, neutrons, and electrons
Element A pure substance that is composed of a unique type of atom
Molecule A group of atoms that form a unit with specific chemical properties. The atoms may be the same or they may be different, depending on the specific chemical involved.
Compound A substance that contains two or more atoms from different types of elements held together by chemical bonds
Hydrophilic Having a tendency to be attracted to water
Hydrophobic Having a tendency to repel water
Cohesive A property in which the molecules of a substance are attracted to its own molecules
Adhesive A property in which the molecules of a substance are attracted to other similar substances
Carbohydrate A molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in which there are twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms
Lipid A hydrophobic macromolecule that readily dissolves in nonpolar environments
Protein A complex polypeptide that plays a role in the chemistry of an organism
Nucleic acids The molecules involved in the making of proteins and the passage of traits from one generation to the next
Replication The process by which DNA is copied to produce two duplicate double helixes
Transcription The process by which DNA is used to produce messenger RNA
Translation The process by which the information on mRNA is converted into a specific sequence of amino acids to form a protein
Gene A sequence of nucleotide bases on DNA that codes for a macromolecule (such as a protein or RNA)
Created by: user-1880188
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