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UNIT 8 - Ecology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organisms respond to changes in the environment through | behavioural mechanisms |
| organisms respond to changes in the environment through | physiological mechanisms |
| occurs through various mechanisms | communication |
| natural selection favors innate and learned behaviours that increase | survival |
| natural selection favors innate and learned behaviours that increase | reproductive fitness |
| the smaller the organism, the higher the | metabolic rate |
| use thermal energy generated my metabolism to maintain body temperature | endotherms |
| lack efficient internal mechanisms for maintaining body temperature | ectotherms |
| reulate temperature through changes in behaviour | ectotherms |
| results in energy storage or growth | net gain in energy |
| results in loss of mass and ultimately death | net loss of energy |
| capture energy from physical or chemical sources in environment | autotrophs |
| capture energy from carbon compounds produced by other organisms | heterotrophs |
| capture energy from inroagnic molecules in the environment | chemosynthetic organisms |
| capture energy from sunlight | photosynthetic organisms |
| metabolize carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins by hydrolysis | heterotrophs |
| reproduction without constraints results in | exponential growth |
| structure of a community is measured and described in terms of | species composition |
| structure of a community is measured and described in terms of | species diversity |
| evolve to locate and subdue organisms for energy | predators |
| evolve to elude and defend themselves to survive | prey |
| takes into account species diversity and richness | Simpson's Diversity Index |
| increase as size increases | density-dependent factors |
| have an impact at any size or density of a population | density-independent factors |
| lower population size | deaths |
| lower population size | emigration |
| increase population size | births |
| increase population size | immigrations |
| how many different species there are in an ecosystem | richness |
| ecological role | niche |
| negative relationship both ways | competition |
| one gains, one loses | predation |
| one gains, one loses | parasitism |
| organism eating a producer | herbivory |
| organism eating another heterotroph | predation |
| one species gains, the other unaffected | commensalism |
| positive relationship both ways | mutualism |
| die off fater post-reproductive age | type i survivorship curve |
| survival rate steadily decreasing throughout lifespan | type ii survivorship curve |
| have most offspring to make up for steep death rate | type iii survivorship curve |
Created by:
nijiiro
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