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DH 282 Chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Drug | Chemicals that act on living systems at the molecular level |
| Pharmacology | The study of drugs and their effects on living organisms |
| Pharmacodynamics | The study of the action of drugs on living organisms |
| Pharmacokinetics | The study of what the body does to a drug; the measurement of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drug from the body. |
| Brand (Trade) name | The manufacturer’s name, written with the first letter capitalized |
| Generic name | The name for the chemical makeup of a drug, written in lowercase, first letter NOT capitalized |
| Contraindications | Medical or physical conditions that make the drug inadvisable |
| Synergism | Getting more than the desired effects when taking two drugs |
| Tolerance | Decreased effect of a drug over time with the patient needing larger doses to achieve the same effect |
| Toxicology | The study of the harmful effects of drugs on living tissues |
| Therapeutic effect | The desired effect of a drugs |
| Efficacy | The maximum intensity of effect or response that can be produced by a drug |
| Chemically equivalent | When two formulations of a drug meet the chemical and physical standards |
| Biologically equivalent | When two formulations of a drug produce similar concentrations of the drug in the blood and tissues |
| Therapeutically equivalent | When two formulations of a drug prove to have equal therapeutic effects |
| Orphan drugs | Drugs developed to specifically treat rare medical conditions |
| qd | Once a day |
| bid | Twice a day |
| tid | Three times a day |
| qid | Four times a day |
| pc | After meals |
| ac | Before meals |
| po | By mouth |
| prn | As needed |
| hs | At bedtime |
| What are the schedules of drugs? | I, II, III IV, and V |
| Schedule I abuse potential | Highest |
| Schedule II abuse potential | High |
| Schedule III abuse potential | Moderate |
| Schedule IV abuse potential | Less |
| Schedule V abuse potential | Least |
| Schedule I examples | heroin, LSD, marijuana, hallucinogens |
| Schedule II examples | oxycodone, morphine, amphetamine, secobarbital, hydrocodone immediate release (alone or in combination with ibuprophen or acetominiphen), hydrocodone extended-release |
| Schedule III examples | codeine mixtures (Tylenol #3) |
| Schedule IV examples | diazepam (Valium), tramadol (Ultram) |
| Schedule V examples | Some codeine-containing cough syrups |
| Schedule I handling | No accepted medical use, experimental use, only in research |
| Schedule II handling | Written prescription with provider's signature, no refills, some states allow for the electronic prescribing only for Schedule II drugs |
| Schedule III handling | Prescription may be faxed or sent electronically to the pharmacy; no more than five prescriptions in 6 months |
| Schedule IV handling | Prescriptions may be faxed or sent electronically to the pharmacy; no more than five prescriptions in 6 months |
| Schedule V handling | Can be bought over-the-counter in some states |
Created by:
sarah.gonzalez
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