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Disease Transmission

Disease Transmission and Infection Prevention Vocabulary Flashcards

TermDefinition
Acquired Immunity Immunity that is developed during a person’s lifetime
Acute Infection An infection of short duration that is often severe
Anaphylaxis Extreme hypersensitivity to a substance that can lead to shock and life-threatening respiratory collapse
Artificially Acquired Immunity Immunity that results from a vaccination
Blood-Borne Disease Disease that is caused by microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are carried in blood
Blood-Borne Pathogens Disease-causing organisms transferred through contact with blood or other body fluids
Chain of Infection Conditions that all must be present for infection to occur
Chronic Infection An infection of long duration
Communicable Disease Condition caused by an infection that can be spread from person to person or through contact with body fluids
Contaminated Waste Items such as gloves and patient napkins that may contain potentially infectious body fluids of patients
Direct Contact Touching or contact with a patient’s blood or saliva
Droplet Infection An infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth
Epidemiologic Studies Studies of the patterns and causes of diseases
Hazardous Waste Waste that poses a danger to humans or to the environment
Immunity Ability of the body to resist disease
Indirect Contact Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument
Infection Control Policies and practices designed to prevent the spread of infectious agents
Infection Prevention Ultimate goal of all infection control procedures and policies
Infectious Disease Disease that is communicable
Infectious Waste Waste that is capable of transmitting an infectious disease
Inherited Immunity Immunity that is present at birth
Latent Infection Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that “comes and goes.”
Naturally Acquired Immunity Immunity that occurs when a person has contracted and is recovering from a disease
Occupational Exposure Any reasonably anticipated skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury involving blood or any other potentially infectious materials
OSHA Blood-Borne Pathogens (BBP) Standard Guidelines designed to protect employees against occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens
Pathogen Disease-causing organism
Percutaneous Through the skin, such as with a needle stick, cut, or human bite
Permucosal Contact with mucous membranes, such as the eyes or mouth
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Items such as protective clothing, masks, gloves, and eyewear used to protect employees
Sharps Pointed or cutting instruments, including needles, scalpel blades, orthodontic wires, and endodontic instruments
Standard Precautions Standard of care designed to protect healthcare providers from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluid via excretion or secretion; expands on the concept of Universal Precautions
Universal Precautions Guidelines based on treating all human blood and body fluids (including saliva) as potentially infectious
Virulence Strength of a pathogen’s ability to cause disease; also known as pathogenicity
Created by: ph1016
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