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Organelles & Fxn

Organelles & Functions

TermDefinition
Nucleus control center of the cell; contains the chromosomes
Mitochondria are the sites of cellular respiration; makes ATP
Chloroplasts are found only in plant cells, contain the green pigment, chlorophyll, carries out photosynthesis
Vacuoles store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates; vacuoles in animal cells (if they are present) are much smaller than those in plant cells.
Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis; Located on the ER or in the cytoplasm.
Rough ER A complex, extensive network that transports materials throughout the inside of the cell; has ribosomes
Smooth ER A complex, extensive network that transports throughout the inside of the cell. Does not have attached ribosomes.
Golgi apparatus Modifies materials, collects, packages, and distributes molecules within the cell or outside the cell.
Cell membrane (plasma membrane) “The gatekeeper”; Separates the cell’s internal and external environments. Controls what enters and leaves the cell; helps maintain homeostasis; Fluid Mosaic Model – Phopholipid bilayer; Semipermeable.
Nuclear membrane (envelope) is the membrane that surrounds the nucleus
Cell wall is the cell structure that surrounds the cell membrane for protection and support in plant cells, bacteria, fungi
Cytoplasm is the semi-fluid material inside the cell containing molecules and the organelles
Cytoskeleton A network of fibrous proteins that helps the cell with maintaining shape, support, and movement.
Vesicles Carry proteins from the Rough ER to the Golgi apparatus and from the golgi out to the cell membrane
Centrioles Only in animal cells; paired at right angles; function in Cell division
Lysosomes Membrane filled with digestive enzymes; destroy worn out parts of cell; Pac Man of the cell
Created by: brookebiery
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