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Noun cases
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nominative in Polish | Miamownik |
| Nominative definition | Indicates the subject performing the action. |
| Nominative examples | Lustro, Obiad, Kot, Ryba |
| Genitive in Polish | Dopełniacz |
| Genitive definition | Indicates possession, absence or part of a whole. |
| Genitive examples | Lustra, Obiadu, Kota, Ryby |
| Dative in Polish | Celownik |
| Dative definition | Indicates the recipient of an action or object. |
| Dative examples | Lustru, Obiadowi, Kotu, Rybie |
| Accusative in Polish | Biernik |
| Accusative definition | Indicates the direct object of an action |
| Accusative examples | Lustro, Obiad, Kota, Rybę |
| Instrumental in Polish | Narzędnik |
| Instrumental definition | Indicates the means by which something is done, or the companion. |
| Instrumental examples | Lustrem, Obiadem, Kotem, Rybą |
| Locative in Polish | Miejscownik |
| Locative definition | Indicates the location of the topic, generally along with prepositional phrases like ‘w’ |
| Locative examples | Lustrze, Obiedzie, Kocie, Rybie |
| Vocative in Polish | Wołacz |
| Vocative definition | Used for calling or addressing someone directly |
| Vocative examples | Lustro, Obiadu, Kocie, Rybo |