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DEN110- embryology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 cell layers of embryos: | ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm |
| Neural tube: | forms the forebrain |
| Neural crest cells: | cells where your face is developed |
| Stomodeum: | forms the mouth |
| Rostrocaudal axis: | from mouth to tail |
| Ameilogenesis: | enamel formation |
| Dentinogenesis: | dentin formation |
| Cementogenesis: | cementum formation |
| From the ectoderm, what will form? | nervous system, sensory epithelium, epidermis, hair, nails, mammary glands, sinuses, oral and nasal cavities, tooth enamel |
| From the mesoderm, what will form? | muscles, bone cartilage, blood, dentin, pulp, cementum, periodontal ligaments |
| From the endoderm, what will form? | GI tract epithelium and associated glands |
| During the fourth week, the embryo is a ______ _______. | flat disk |
| At 5 weeks, what appears below the stomodeum? | branchial arches |
| What are branchial arches? | mesodermal bars which contribute to formation of face, jaws, and neck |
| Branchial arch I will form what? | maxilla, mandible, muscle of mastication, nerves and blood supply |
| Branchial arch II will form what? | hyoid bone, muscle of facial expression, nerves and blood supply |
| Branchial arch III, IV, and V are all involved with forming what? | neck |
| What is the budding off at the ends of branchial arch I? | maxillary processes |
| Other than maxillary processes, the rest of branchial arch I is what? | mandibular arch |
| Maxillary processes will give rise to: | upper cheeks, sides of maxilla, upper lip, most of palate |
| Mandibular arch will give rise to: | lower jaw, lower cheeks, part of tongue |
| The frontal process is divided into 3 parts: | median nasal process, right lateral nasal process, left lateral nasal process |
| Median nasal process forms: | center/tip of nose, nasal septum, will produce globular process |
| The globular process forms: | philtrum, anterior palate |
| Lateral nasal process forms: | sides of nose |
| The maxillary processes fuse with the ________ ________. | Globular process |
| Where does fusion of the maxillary process and globular process occur? | commisures |
| Fusion of the upper lip occurs in the _____ week. | 7th |
| What is a cleft lip? | result of failure to fuse during development, philtrum fails to fuse with side of upper lip, unilateral or bilateral, complete vs. incomplete |
| 3 sources of palatal development: | right maxillary process, left maxillary process, globular process (forms ant. part) |
| Fusion between the lateral palatine processes and anterior plates results in a: | Y- shaped line of fusion |
| When does fusion of the palate occur? | 8-12 weeks |
| Entrapment of epithelial cells during fusion can result in: | cyst formation |
| What is the difference between complete vs. incomplete cleft lip or palate? | whether it involved the nose (complete) or not (incomplete) |
| The frontal process is the: | covering of the brain |
| What is palatal fusion? | when fusion occurs between lateral palatine processes and anterior plate; creates a Y-shape |
| What happens in week 3 of development? | flat disk, endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm |
| What happens in week 4 of development? | neural tube forms, stomodeum, arches formed, development of face starts |
| What happens in week 6 of development? | nasal pits, upper lip forms, bridge of nose, philtrum, 4 incisors, primary palate, cheeks, oral cavity |
| What happens in week 8 of development? | oral and nasal cavities are formed together |
| What happens in weeks 9-12 of development? | palatine shelves fuse together, ant. palate in front, secondary palate is formed by week 12 |
| What is the most important period for development? | months 2-3, weeks 6-12 |
Created by:
madelineyork
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