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DEN120- Ergonomics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ergonomics | applied science concerned with the "fit" between people and technological tools and environment |
| What consists of a work environment for a dental hygienists? | dental office layout, dental equipment, and instruments |
| What is MSD (musculoskeletal disorders)? | condition where parts of the musculoskeletal system (muscles, tendons, and nerves) are injured overtime |
| Periodontal instrumentation involves...? | forceful movements combined with awkward postures |
| What are the ergonomic hazards for dental hygienists? | awkward postures, fixed working positions (static posture), force, repetitive movements |
| What is neutral posture? | the joint is being used near the middle of the full range of motion |
| Static postures: | maintaining the body in one fixed position for an extended period of time |
| Force: | the amount of effort created by the muscles, and the amount of pressure placed on a body part |
| Thoracic outlet syndrome: | painful disorder of the fingers, hand, and wrist caused by compression of the brachial nerve plexus and vessels |
| Causes of thoracic outlet syndrome: | tilting head forward, hunching shoulders forward, continuously reaching overhead |
| Rotator cuff tendinitis: | painful inflammation of the muscle tendons in the shoulder region |
| Causes of rotator cuff tendinitis: | holding elbow above waist level, holding upper arm away from body |
| Pronator syndrome: | painful disorder of the wrist and hand caused by compression of the median nerve by the pronator muscle |
| Causes of pronator syndrome: | holding lower arm away from torso of the body |
| Extensor Wad Strain: | painful disorder of the fingers as a result of injury to the extensor muscles |
| Causes of extensor wad strain: | extending fingers independently of each other |
| Carpel tunnel syndrome: | painful disorder of the wrist and hand caused by compression of the median nerve in the wrist |
| Causes of carpel tunnel syndrome: | bending hand up down or from side to side at the wrist, pinch gripping instruments without resting muscles |
| Ulnar nerve entrapment: | painful disorder of the lower arm and wrist caused by compression of the ulnar nerve at the wrist |
| Causes of ulnar nerve entrapment: | repeatedly bending hand up and down or side to side at the wrist, holding little finger full span away from hand |
| Tenosynovitis: | inflammation of the tendons on the side of the wrist and base of the thumb |
| Cause of tenosynovitis: | hand twisting, force gripping |
| Tendinitis: | inflammation of the tendons of the wrist |
| Causes of tendinitis: | extending hand up or down at the wrist |
| Building blocks for periodontal instrumentation: | position, grasp, mirror, finger rests, stroke |
| Fulcrum: | pressure point where you have stability, "finger rest" |
| Neutral neck position: | head tilt of 15-20 degrees |
| Neutral back position: | leaning forward slightly from waist or hips |
| Neutral torso position: | torso in line with long axis |
| Neutral shoulder position: | shoulders even |
| Neutral upper arm position: | elbows at waist held slightly away from the body |
| Neutral forearm position: | forearm parallel to the floor |
| Neutral hand position: | little finger side of palm slighly lower than thumb side |
| Neutral clinician posture steps: | 1. back all the way on back of chair 2. adjust seat so feet are flat on floor 3. back 1 in higher than front of seat (hips higher than knees) |
| Neutral patient position: | patients feat even with or slightly higher than tip of nose |
| Chair back parallel to floor for __________ treatment areas. | Maxillary |
| Chair back raised slightly for ____________ treatment areas. | Mandibular |
| Patient head tilt for maxillary arch: | chin up position, angle headrest up into back of patients head so nose and chin are level |
| Patient head tilt for mandibular arch: | chin down position, angle headrest forward and down so chin is lower than the nose level |
| Light position for mand. arch: | directly over the oral cavity |
| Light position for max. arch: | over oral cavity, over neck |
| Ancillary equipment helpful during periodontal instrumentation: | coaxial illumination, magnification loupes |
| Coaxial illumination: | spectacle mounted or headband mounted lights |
| Mag. loupes: | magnifies treatment areas |
| Three components to consider with repetitive motions include: | Frequency, duration, recovery time |
Created by:
madelineyork
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