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Ecology Intro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ultimate (main) source of energy | Sun |
| The study of interactions between organisms and their environment | Ecology |
| A consumer that eats only plants | Herbivore |
| An organism that can make its own food | Producer |
| Another name for a producer | Autotroph |
| Organism that gets its energy by eating its food | Consumer |
| Another name for a consumer | Heterotroph |
| Consumer that eats only meat (other animals) | Carnivore |
| A consumer that eats both plants and meat | Omnivore |
| organism that breaks down and gets energy from dead organic matter (ex. fungus, bacteria) | Decomposer |
| organism that eats dead rotting plants or animals (ex. buzzards) | Detritivore (scavenger) |
| says only 10% of energy goes to the next trophic level | 10% Rule |
| this happens to 90% of energy at a trophic level | used for growth and lost as heat |
| where you find top level consumer on the pyramid (has least energy) | top of energy pyramid |
| where you find producers on the pyramid (has most energy) | bottom of energy pyramid |
| A series of 1-way steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten | food chain |
| complex network of feeding interactions with different organisms in an ecosystem | food web |
| consumer that eats only plants (herbivore) | primary consumer |
| population growth that slows down or stops | logistic growth |
| population growth that stays constant | exponential growth |
| 2 factors that increase population size | births and immigration |
| 2 factors that decrease population size | deaths and emigration |
| the largest population size an area can support (max #) | carrying capacity |
| non-living factor that keeps population size from growing (ex. weather) | abiotic limiting factor |
| living factor that keeps population size from growing (ex. predators) | biotic limiting factor |
| factor that keeps population from growing BASED on the size of the population | density-dependent limiting factor |
| factor that keeps population from growing NO MATTER what the population size is | density-independent limiting factor |
| where an organism lives ; its "address" | habitat |
| what role an organism plays in its ecosystem ; its "job" | niche |
| organisms of DIFFERENT species fighting for a limited resource | interspecific competition |
| organisms in the SAME species fight for a limited resource | intraspecific competition |
| day to day atmospheric conditions | weather |
| average atmospheric conditions over a long period of time | climate |
| the warming of the Earth due to the trapping of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide | greenhouse effect |
| 1 living thing ; 1 member of a species | organism |
| 2 or more members of the same species in the same area | population |
| 2 or more populations in the same area ; all of the living things | community |
| all of the populations + their physical environment | ecosystem |
| relationship where both organisms benefit (win --win) | mutualism |
| relationship where 1 organism benefits & other is not helped or harmed (win--nothing) | commensalism |
| relationship where 1 organism benefits & other is harmed | parasitism |
| relationship where 1 organism benefits & other is hunted and killed | predation |
| states that 2 species cannot hold the SAME niche in the SAME habitat at the SAME time | competitive exclusion principle |
| 12 major ecosystems (ex. rainforest, desert, savannah) | biome |
Created by:
cadetjt
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