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Grade 7: Q3, Seq 1

How does evolution occur?

TermDefinition
genetic variation differences in traits amongst members of a species
evolution a change in the genetic makeup (and often, the heritable features) of a population over time
natural selection the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring, thereby putting more of their beneficial genetic traits into the population.
adaptation characteristic of an organism that increases is chances of survival in its environment
traits characteristics of an organism
environmental factor characteristics of an environment such as available space, food, and water
species a group of the same kind of organisms
population members of one species that live in the same area
diversity all of the different types of living things
extinction the complete disappearance of a species from Earth
Theory of Evolution explains how and why populations of living things have changed through time
anatomical body structure
stability in a state of not changing
change not in a stable condition
scientific model a representation or description designed to make a particular part/feature of the world easier to understand
observation using our senses to gather information
fossil preserved remains of an organism from the past
fossil record all of the fossils and how the fossils have changed over time
geologic time scale a timeline that shows the history of life on Earth using the fossil record
numerical (absolute) dating determining the age of rocks
relative dating determining the order of events from the past by looking at rocks/fossils
common ancestor an individual or species that was alive in the past, that two or more different groups of organisms that are alive today are descended from
evolutionary tree a branched diagram that shows the relationships between different species
Law of Superposition rock layers get older the deeper they go in the Earth’s crust
empirical evidence the cumulative body acquired of observation or experimentation in which scientific explanation is based
quantitative data data collected via instruments such as rulers, balances, graduated cylinders, beakers, and thermometers
qualitative data data collected as observations through using our senses
repetition completing multiple trials of an experiment
replication the completion of a scientist's experiment by another scientist(s)
scientific theory explains why something happens
scientific law explains what will happen
survival of the fittest the natural process by which organisms best adjusted to their environment are most successful in surviving and reproducing
Created by: user-1837680
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