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bio chem
4U Bio unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Monosaccharide | Simplest form of carbohydrate, consisting of a single sugar unit building block for more complex carbohydrates |
| triose | monosaccharides that contain 3 carbons |
| isomer | a molecule that has the same composition as another but different arrangement of atom |
| glycosidic bond | a bond between 2 monosaccharides |
| hydrolysis reaction | water breaking energy released water is used anabolic (bigger to smaller |
| dehydration Reaction | covalent bond between sub units formed by the removal of H and OH from functional groups of adjacent subunits energy is absorbed water realised. |
| neutralization reaction | an acid and base react to form salt and water |
| Redox reaction | reaction that involve the full or partial loss or gain of electrons LEO the lion goes GER |
| polysaccharide | a molecule that contains many monosaccharides |
| monomer | a small molecule that can bind chemically to other molecules |
| polymer | a large molecule that is formed when monomers link to gather chemically |
| cellulose | main component of plant cells its long strait and has very large numbers of poler hydroxyl groups |
| starch | storage of energy |
| lipids | non-polar macromolecule composed of mostly hydrocarbons |
| triglycerides | composed of fatty acids and glycerol |
| fatty acids | a long hydrocarbon chain with carboxyl group |
| saturated fats | solid at room temp no double bonds found in most animal fat and butter (unhealthy) |
| unsaturated fats | liquid at room temp has double bonds found in plants and fish (healthy) |
| glycerol | has 3 carbons with hydroxyl groups |
| phospholipid | composed of 1 glycerol 2 fatty acids and 1 phosphate group |
| steroids | a lipid that is composed of four fused carbon rings |
| cholesterol | essential for animal cell membranes and converts a number of compounds including vitamin D |
| proteins structural function | bones muscles hair hooves |
| proteins functional function | enzymes |
| amino acids | the monomer of proteins |
| primary structure | a polypeptide |
| secondary structure | Beta- pleated sheets(fold) alpha- helix(coils)creating hydrogen bonds |
| tertiary structure | side chains interact to fold the polypeptide in a unique way |
| denaturation | extreme conditions that cause the bonds to break causing the protein to change its shape and lose function (heat< pH,salt ect) |
| enzyme | a biological catalyst usually a protein that speeds up a chemical reaction |
Created by:
hneil
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