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Biology 2
Biology Exam 2: Human Organ Systems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Thermoregulation process | Shivering to generate heat and maintain body temperature and is controlled by the muscular system. |
| Lymphatic System | responsible for immune response, including development of fever response to an infection. |
| Expiration | The diaphragm relaxes and moves superiorly, causing the volume of the thoracic cavity to decrease. |
| Respiratory System | Primary Stimulus for increasing the rate and depth of breathing during exercise. |
| Excretory System | also known as Urinary System, regulates blood pressure, blood pH and removal of metabolic wastes from the body . |
| Water | it aids in the elimination of metabolic wastes through urine, thus contributing to proper kidney function within the excretory system . |
| Kidney Failure | the impairing of the kidney's ability to filter waste products from the bloodstream |
| 60-80 BPM | The average adult human's resting heart rate falls within this range. |
| Circulatory system | transporting oxygen to sustain muscle function. |
| Arteries | are responsible for carrying blood away from the hert |
| Heart Valve Function | to regulate the flow of blood within the heart |
| Neurons | categorized by sensory, motor, and interneuron based on their functions in transmitting signals within the nervous system |
| Nervous System | Coordination of voluntary and involuntary actions . |
| Nervous System | responsible for the rapid reflexive action of withdrawing the hand after touching a hot stove |
| Esophagus | is lined with stratified squamous epithelium |
| Enzyme Amylase | It's function is to break down carbohydrates |
| Chewing | example physical digestion is the of mechanical breakdown |
| Digestive System | responsible for processing food and extracting nutrients primarily function to breakdown food |
| peristalsis | an example of mechanical digestion that refers to the movement of food through the esophagus |
| gallbladder | plays a crucial role in emulsifying fats to aid their digestion and absorption |
| Endocrine system | primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels. including the response to increased levels after a meal. |
| adrenal gland | responsible for producing adrenaline, a hormone involved in the "fight or flight' response |
| parathyroid hormone (PTH) | when this is released, blood calcium levels increase |
| Testosterone | responsible for the development and maintenance of the secondary sexual characteristics of a male |
| estrogen | responsible for the development and maintenance of the secondary sexual characteristics, regulation of the menstrual cycle, and maintenance of pregnancy of a female |
| Melatonin | produced by the pineal gland, plays a role in regulating sleep-wake cycles |
| Homeostasis | refers to the ability of the human body to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. |
| anterior pituitary | releases hormones in response to signal from the hypothalamus |
| parathormone | when blood calcium levels are low, these are released to stimulate the release of calcium from bones into the blood stream |
| glucocorticoids | during times of stress such as a physical injury or infection, these are released to increase blood sugar levels, suppress the immune system's inflammatory response, and aid in metabolism to provide energy for the body's response to the stressor |
| mineralocorticoids | in times of dehydration or low blood pressure, these are released like aldosterone to increase the reabsorption of sodium in water in the kidneys, thereby increasing the blood volume and blood pressure. |
Created by:
nigelitoo
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