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Bio Digestive System
Pathway of food
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Pathway of Food | Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large intestine |
What happens in the mouth? | Chemical digestion and mechanical digestion |
Chemical Digestion | uses certain enzymes to break down nutrients, such as carbohydrates, protein, and fats, into smaller molecules |
Mechanical Digestion | Physically breaking down food substances into smaller particles to more efficiently undergo chemical digestion |
Salivia | A lubricant that contains amylase that breaks down starches (complex carbohydrates) into sugars |
What happens in the Esophagaus? | Preventing food from going down your lungs or down the wrong pipe and peristalsis |
How do you prevent food from entering your lungs? | When we swallow, the epiglottis covers the larynx to prevent food and liquid from going into the lungs |
What is peristalsis? | The involuntary contraction and relaxation of longitudinal and circular muscles throughout the digestive tract |
What are the three parts of the small intestine? | The duodenum, jejunum, and ileum |
What happens in the small intestine? | Bile is produced and bicarbonate is released |
bicarbinate | A substance called a base, which the body needs to help keep a normal acid-base balance |
Where is bicarbonate released? | In the Pancreas |
Why does bicarbonate get released? | In response to the hormone secretion to neutralize the acidic chyme entering the duodenum from the stomch |
What is the role of Bile? | Helps with digestion |
Where is Bile produced? | In the liver |
Where is Bile stored? | the gallblader |
Why is it called the small intestine? | Because its lumen diameter is smaller than that of the larger intestine |
What happens to food in the large intestine? | Absorbing nutrients is nearly finished |
Why is it called the large intestine? | Because its lumen diameter is larger in comparison to the small intestine |
Glucagon | Glucagon breaks down glycogen to glucose in the liver |
Insulin | Insulin enables blood glucose to enter cells, where they use it to produce energy |