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Genes

Part B

QuestionAnswer
What are chromosomes? -a tread-line structure made up of DNA, which controls the function & characteristics of a cell - are coiled up when undergoing cell division
What is a chromatin? - string form of a chromosome
What are the 3 parts of a DNA? - phosphate - deoxyribose (sugar) - nucleotide (rung)
What are nitrogenous bases? - adenine (A) - thymine (T) -guanine (G) -cytosine (C)
What is a codon? - 3 nucleotides sequence in which the order of the nitrogenous bases make up a certain amino acids
What is a nucleotide? -
What are amino acids/ proteins?
What is a gene?
What is Phenylketonuria (PKU)? - the body does not have an enzyme to digest the amino acid phenylalanine found in certain proteins - causes brain damage Test: test a baby's blood to see if they have the protein enzyme
What is Down Syndrome? - occur when an embryo has an extra chromosome Test: amniotic sac fuel is withdrawn and a micrograph of each of the pair of chromosomes is taken (karyotype)
What is Huntington Disease? - a disease that affects nerves cells so that a person loses muscle control
What are transgenic organisms? - a genetically modified organism (GMO) whose genes are altered and other genes from other species are inserted - Ex. Ecoli Bacteria - Oraniwi
What is genetic engineering? - the process of combining genes (DNA) from one organism to another
What are mutations? - a mutation occurs when the codon sequence in the gene segment of the DNA strand is changed in order it was in
What are mutagens? - radiation or substances that causes the genes to mutate -mutagens that affect codons not in the gene segment does not change any traits of the organism -Ex: vaping, smoking
What is cloning?
Created by: rathe
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