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Genes
Part B
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Why do chromosomes exist in pairs? | 1 from your dad and 1 from your mom |
How can we tell the difference between a chromatin and a chromosome? | chromatin is in a string like form and chromosome is a coiled up string. |
What are the three parts of DNA | phosphate, sugar and the 4 nitrogenous bases |
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases? | adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine |
how many nucleotides form a codon | 3 in a row |
what are nucleotides made of | a nitrogenous base, a sugar molecule and a phosphate group |
where are proteins stored? | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
what are genes | segments of DNA which contain instructions for building proteins that decide how living things grow and function |
what is phenylketonuria | a genetic disorder where the body cant process the amino acid phenylalanine properly |
what is down syndrome | a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome |
what is huntington disease | a genetic disorder by progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain |
what is transgenic organism | an organism that has had foreign DNA introduces into its genome through genetic engineering techniques |
what is genetic engineering | manipulation of an organisms genetic material using techniques |
what is mutations | changes in teh DNA sequence of an organism |
what is mutagens | substances that can increase the frequency of mutations in the DNA of organisms |
what is cloning | creating genetically identical copies of a living organism |