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Cells and Diffusion

SNC 2D5 Study Stack Part A

TermDefinition
Organelle The different parts of a cell; every organelle has a specialized job.
Nucleus Controls all activities of the cell; growth and reproduction
Nucleolus Produces ribosomes
Cell membrane Made of 2 interconnected phosphorous layers; cell's protection Semi permeable; molecules diffuse in or out of the cell
Cell wall (Plant cell) Supports and protects the cell; impermeable
Chromosomes Proteins that contain DNA. Contain coded information for making molecules.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Produces and stores proteins
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Produces and stores fats and oil
Golgi Bodies Modifies and packages proteins from Rough ER with enzymes
Ribosomes Is attached to the Rough ER and helps it make proteins
Centrioles (Animal) Helps with cell division (mitosis) Spindle fibres come from here
Mitochondria Converts glucose into energy for the cell
Cytoplasm A gel-like fluid in the cell that allows organelles to move
Vacuole Stores water minerals and vitamins; Is much bigger in plant cells
Lysosomes (Animal) Breaks down food, invading bacteria, and old/damaged organelles
Chloroplasts (Plant) Aids with photosynthesis; uses sunlight to make food Sugar is made in the day and used at night
Diffusion The movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration
Osmosis Movement of water molecules from a high concentration of water to a low concentration of water; diffusion with water
Permeable Allows any molecule to diffuse across the membrane
Semi-permeable Allows certain molecules to diffuse across the membrane (ex. cell membrane)
Non-permeable (impermeable) Allows no molecules to diffuse across the membrane (ex. cell wall)
Created by: AzaanI
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