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Cells and Diffusion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Organelle | a specialized cellular part such as nucleus, mitochondria, cell membrane, cytoplasm, etc. |
| Nucleus | -in both cells -it is a circle in the cell Controls all activity of the cell; growth and reproduction |
| Cell Membrane | -in both cells -line around the liquid -allows certain molecules to go in or out of the cell -molecules diffuse in or out of a cell -made up of 2 phosphorous layers interconnected |
| Cell Wall | -only in plant cell - outer most layer in the plant cell - Suppourts and protects the cell; does not allow molecules in or out |
| Chromosomes | - in both cells - looks like a butterfly - proteins the contains DNA which has added information for making molecules |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | - in both cells - line around nucleus with dots - produces and stores protein |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | - in both cells - line around nucleus without the dots - produces and stores fats and oils |
| Golgi Bodies | - in both cells - bubble looking thing - modifies and packages proteins from the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum with enzymes |
| Ribosomes | - in both cells - the dots on RER; attached to RER - helps RER make proteins |
| Centrides | -in only animal cell -looks like and bullet - helps with cell division (mitosis) - spindle fibres come from here |
| Mitochondria | - in both cells - circle with squiggly lines - converts sugar into energy for the cell |
| Cytoplasm | - in both cells - inside liquid of the cell - fluid in the cell; allows organelles to move around |
| Vacuole | - in both cells - animal cell: double lined circle - plant cell: biggest irregular shape - stores water, minerals, and vitamins |
| Lysosomes | - only in animal cells - egg looking shape - breaks down food: invading bacteria, old damaged organelles |
| Chloroplast | - only in plant cell - irregular, one lined shape - uses sunlight to make its own food -CO2 + H2O + light-->Sugar + O2 |
| Diffusion | - movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration |
| Permeable | - allows ANY molecules to diffuse across membrane |
| Semi-permeable | - allows CERTAIN molecules to diffuse across membrane - E.x. Cell Membrane |
| Non-permeable | - allows NO molecules to diffuse across membrane - E.x. Cell Wall |
| Osmosis | -movement of water molecules from low concentration to low concentration |
Created by:
Sath
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