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Cells and Diffusion

Part A

TermDefinition
nucleus Controls all activities of the cell: growth and reproduction.
cell membrane Allows certain molecules to diffuse in or out of the cell, made up of 2 phosphorus layers interconnected.
cell wall Supports and protects plant cells by not letting molecules in or out.
chromosomes Proteins that contain DNA which has coded information for making molecules.
rough endoplasmic reticulum Produces and stores fats and oils. Can make proteins.
smooth endoplasmic reticulum Produces and stores fats and oils.
golgi bodies Modifies and packages proteins from Rough ER using enzymes.
ribosomes Helps Rough ER make proteins and is attached to it.
centrioles Found in animal cells, it helps with mitosis and cell divisions. Spindle fibers come from here.
mitochondria Converts energy into sugar for the cell.
cytoplasm Fluid in the cell that allows organelles to move around.
vacuole Stores water, minerals and vitamins. It is much bigger in plant cells.
lysosomes Found in animal cells, they break down food, invading bacteria, and old/damaged cells.
chloroplasts Found in plant cells, they use sunlight to make food. Photosynthesis: CO2 + H20 + light -> sugar + O2
diffusion Movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
osmosis Movement of water molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration.
permeable Allows any molecule to diffuse across the membrane.
semi-permeable Allows some molecules to diffuse across the membrane.
non-permeable Allow no molecule to diffuse across the membrane.
Created by: Akshaeyan
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