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Cells and Diffusion

Part A:

TermDefinition
nucleus controls all activities of cell: growth and reproduction
cell membrane - allows certain molecules to go in or out of cell - molecules diffuse in or out of cell - made up of a 2 phosphorous layers interconnected
cell wall supports and protects the cell; does not allow molecules in or out
chromosomes protiens that contain DNA both which has coded information for making molecules
Rough endoplasmic reticulum produces and stores proteins
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum produces and stores fats and oils
Golgi bodies/ apparatus modifies and packages proteins from rough endoplasmic retiuclum with enzymes
ribosomes - helps rough endoplasmic reticulum make proteins - is attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum
Centrioles - helps with cell division (mitosis) - spindle fibres come from here
Mitochondria - converts sugar into energy for cell
Cytoplasm Fluid inside cell: allows organelles to move around
Vacuole stores water, minerals and vitamins - much bigger in plants cells
Lysosomes - breaks down: food, invading bacteria, old/damaged organelles
chloroplasts - uses sunlight to make its own food - photosynthesis - CO2 + H2O + light - sugar + O2
Diffusion - movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration
permeable - allows any molecule to diffuse across membrane
semi-permeable - allows certain molecules to diffuse across membrane ex. cell membrane
non-permeable - allows no molecules to diffuse across membrane ex. cell wall
Osmosis - movement of water molecules from high concentration of water to low concentration of water
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