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Cells and Diffusion
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Nucleus | It controls all activities of the cell; growth and reproduction |
Cell membrane | It allows certain molecules to go in or out of the cell. Molecules diffuse in or out of a cell. It is made up of 2 phospholipid layers. |
Cell wall | It supports and protects the cell; doesn't allow molecules in or out. |
Chromosomes | Proteins that contain DNA which has coded information for making molecules . |
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | It produces and stores proteins. |
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulm | It produces and stores fats/oils. |
Golgi Bodies | It modifies and packages proteins from Rough ER with enzymes. |
Ribosomes | Helps rough ER make proteins and is attached to it. |
Centroles | It helps with cell division (Mitosis) and spindle |
Mitochondria | Converts sugar into energy for the cell |
Cytoplasm | The fluid in the cell that allow organelles to move around |
Vacuole | It stores water; minerals and vitamins. It is much bigger in plant cells. |
Lysosomes | It breaks down food, invading bacteria, and old damages organelles |
Chloroplasts | It uses sunlight to make its own food (photosynthesis) |
Diffusion | The movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration |
Osmosis | The movement of water molecules from high concentration of water to low concentration of water. |
Permeable | It allows any molecule to diffuse across the membrane. |
Semi- permeable | It allows certain molecules to diffuse across the membrane. (ex: cell membrane) |
Non- permeable | It allows no molecules to diffuse across membrane (Ex. cell wall) |