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Biology Stack Part A
Part A: Cells & Diffusion
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Cell | basic unit of life |
Organelles | parts of cell |
Nucleus | the brain of cell; controls all activities of the cell |
Cell Membrane | skin of cell that is made of 2 phospholipid layers; semi-permeable |
Cell Wall | non-permeable; only exits in plant cells |
Chromosomes | proteins that contain DNA; that has information for the cells to make molecules |
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | produces and stores protein. |
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | produces and stores oil and fat |
Golgi Bodies | helps Rough ER modify and package proteins; produce enzymes that digest protein |
Ribosomes | helps Rough ER make protein; attached to Rough ER |
Centrioles | helps mitosis (cell division) and produce spindle fibre; in animal cells only |
Mitochondria | converts sugar into energy |
Cytoplasm | the fluid in the cell that allows movement |
Valcule | stores water, minerals, vitamins; larger in plants |
Lysosomes | breaks down invading bacteria, food, old/dead organelles; animal cells only |
Chloroplasts | plant cells only; converts sunlight into energy (photosynthesis) |
Diffusion | the movement of molecules from low concentration to high concentration |
Osmosis | the movement of water molecules from low concentration to high concentration |
Semi-permeable | certain molecules can diffuse |
Non-permeable | no molecules can diffuse |