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Science 7th Grade

TermDefinition
Mitosis process of making new body cells
Meiosis process of making sex cells
chromosomes bundles of genetic information; contain many genes
haploid cell that contains only one copyof a chromosome set
diploid cell with pairs of homologous chromosomes
gamete sex cell; sperm or egg
crossing over occurs when gametes are formed and genes are exchanged between two chromosomes
gene segment of repeating nucleotides in DNA;
allele alternative form of a gene on a chromosome
dominant trait trait that appears over a recessive form when both alleles are present
recessive trait a trait that does not appear unless the dominant allele is absent
homozygous two identical alleles
heterozygous two non identical alleles
carrier an individual with an allele for a recessive trait that is not expressed because a dominant one over rules it
genotype genetic make up of trait (RR, Rr, or rr)
phenotype physical appearance of a trait
punnett square a diagram used to predict the outcome of a pair of mating individuals based on one trait
inheritance the transmission of traits from parents to offspring
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