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BIO FINAL (sem 2)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Competitive exclusion vs Niche differentiation | - Competitive exclusion: only one species of two can survive in an environment due to competition - Niche differentiation: competing species use the environment differently so they can coexist |
| Fundamental vs Realized niche | - Fundamental niche: total theoretical range of environmental conditions/resources that a species can tolerate/use - Realized niche: the portion of the fundamental niche that a species actually occupies due to competition with other species |
| Ecological niche | the range of conditions an organism can tolerate and the resources they use |
| Coevolution | two interacting species influence each other's adaptions over time |
| Describe the 3 subcategories of symbiosis | 1. Parasitism: parasite benefits, host is harmed 2. Commensalism: one organism benefits while the other is unaffected 3. Mutualism: both organisms benefit from the interaction |
| Describe predation/herbivory | involves consuming a living organism |
| What are the major types of species interactions? | 1. Predation/Herbivory 2. Symbiosis (parasitism, commensalism, mutualism) 3. Competition |
| Community structure | the composition and relative abundance of the different types of organisms present |
| Species richness, evenness, and diversity | - Species richness: number of species - Species evenness: distribution of abundance - Species diversity: incorporates both richness and evenness |