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Chapter 1

populations and communities

TermDefinition
organism a living thing
habitat an environment that provides the things a specific organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce
biotic factor a living thing or once living thing of an organism's habitat
abiotic factor a non-living part of an organism's habitat
species a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce
population all the members of one species living in the same area
community all the populations that live together in a particular area
ecosystem the community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their non-living environment
ecology the study of organisms interact with each other and their environment
birth rate the number of births per 1000 individuals for a certain time period
death rate the number of deaths per 1000 individuals for a certain time period
immigration movement of individuals into a populations area
emigration movement of individuals out of a population's area
population density the number of individuals in an area of a specific size
limiting factor an environmental factor that causes a population to decrease in size
carrying capacity the largest population that a particular environment can support
natural selection the process by which organisms that are best adapted to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce
adaption an inherited behavior or physical characteristic that helps an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
niche how an organism makes its living and interacts with the biotic and abiotic factors in its habitat
competition The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resources in the same place at the same time.
predation An interaction in which one organism kills another for food or nutrients
predator The organism that does the killing in a predation interaction.
prey An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism in a predation interaction.
symbiosis Any relationship in which two species live closely together and that benefits at least one of the species
mutualism A type of symbiosis in which both species benefit from living together.
commensalism A type of symbiosis between two species in which one species benefits and the other species is neither helped nor harmed.
parasitism A type of symbiosis in which one organism lives with, on, or in a host and harms it.
parasite The organism that benefits by living with, on, or in a host in a parasitism interaction.
host An organism that a parasite lives with, in, or on, and provides a source of energy or a suitable An organism that a parasite lives with, in, or on, and provides a source of energy or a suitable environment for the parasite to live.
Created by: mwienclaw002
Popular Ecology sets

 

 



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