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Unit 14 Vocabulary

Genetics

TermDefinition
Gregor Mendel "the father of genetics" who studied pea plants to discover three laws about genetics
Autosomes 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes that code for all traits except for sex
Sex Chromosomes the 23rd pair of chromosomes that determines the biological sex of a person.
Heterozygous genotype that contains two different alleles (Tt)
Pure Bred another term for homozygous
Genotype the genetic makeup of an organism (heterozygous, homozygous recessive, or homozygous dominant)
Phenotype the physical appearance of an organism which is determined by genotype
Dominant Allele allele that masks over the recessive allele (you only need one copy of the allele to get that trait)
Recessive Allele allele that is masked by the dominant allele (you need two copies of the allele to get that trait)
Allele version of a gene
gene section of DNA that codes for a protein
gene expression when genes are "expressed" they are turned on. When genes are not expressed, they are turned off. Gene expression can be influenced by environmental factors.
Homozygous recessive letter combo tt
Homozygous dominant letter combo TT
Heterozygous letter combo Tt
Created by: nldenissoff
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