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Finals Review
Finals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anaphase I | spindle fibers pull each homologous chromosome pair toward opposite ends of the cell (away) |
| Anaphase II | Sister chromatids separate |
| Artiodactyla | even numver of toes ex. pigs and dear |
| Bacillus thuringienis (BT) | Bacteria that produces natural insecticide that produces a toxin |
| Carnivora | meat eating animals |
| Cerebellum | Coordinates movement and controls balance |
| Cerebrum | Recieves and inturprets sensory information and determines a response |
| Most mutations have _____ effect on the organism experiencing the mutation | no |
| The ABO blood type system is under the control of________ | three/multiple alleles |
| The process of translation works the same in almost every______ | living thing |
| The lfe cycle of land plants has two alternating phases and a ________ or 1N phase and a _______ or 2N phase. | Gameophyte, Sporophyte. or Haploid, Diploid |
| The first land plants were similar to modern day | moss |
| THe chromosome number of an organism _______ related to its complexity | is not |
| DNA is very _____ to extract from human cells | easy |
| Mendel's rules can be applies to a wide variety of organisms- not just_________ | pea plants |
| DNA that does not seem to serve a purpose is called an _______and DNA that actually codes for a protein is called an _______ | intron, exon |
| In the cross of TtQq X TtQq, one should use ________ cells in the punnett square to solve the problem | 16 |
| Cetacea | whales, dolphins. -have blow hole |
| Chiropters | Flying mamals. birds, bats |
| Chromosomes | thread like structures inside the nucleus contain genetic information. we have 46. |
| Cortex | ground tissue in epidermis of roots and stems of plants |
| Dicot leaf | vascular bundles have no pattern |
| Dicot root | vascular bundles in a star pattern |
| Dicot stem | vascular bundles in a ring |
| Leaves contain ground, dermal, and ___________ tissue | vascular |
| All kingdoms contain ________________ that can be genetically transformed | organisms |
| Gene therapy is still in the_______________ stage | early/testing |
| Even with genetic testing results, it is not clear that Thomas Jefferson fathered any children with____________under his control | slaves |
| Selective breeding allows only those animals with desired __________ to produce the nest generation | traits |
| if an individual has a single copy of the cystic fibroses ____________ in each of their cells, they will not likely note any porblems as the normal copy of this allele will produce enough of the "normal" protein to allow their cells to function properly | allele |
| individuals that have one copy of the sickle cell allele are usually symptom free and are highly resistant to_________ | malaria |
| The downside of selective breeding and the induction of mutations is that it is ___________. in order to produce specific traits in organisms, one needs to utilize more advanced techniques called ________________. | haphazard, genetic engineering |
| A seed is a plant embryo with a food supply protected by a special covering. The living plant within the seed is diploid and represents the early developmental stage of the ____________ phase of the plant life cycle. | sporophyte |
| the most numerous group of seedless plants are_____________ | ferns |
| EcoRI | restriction enzyme, cuts DNA at GAATTC |
| Feedback inhibition | stimulous produces a response that opposes the original stimulus; also known as negative feedback |
| Fertilization | sexual reproduction- male and female cells join to make a new cell |
| Gamete | sex cell |
| Genetics | study of heredity |
| Hemophilia | genetic disorder, recessive, sex linked, blood doesnt clot properly. found in royal families in europe--inbreeding. |
| Heterozygous | 2 different alleles for a particular gene |
| flowers offer a serious evolutionary advantage over other plant reproductive structures because they attract a variety of _________ to assistin the pollonation process | animals |
| Invertebrates include members of the __________: Porifera, Cnidaria, Arthropoda, Nematoda, Platyhelminthes, Annelidam Mollusca and Echnidermata. | Phyla |
| The largest group by number of species of invertebrates is___________ | arthropods/insects |
| Generally, all female ________produce milk for their young | milk |
| Generally the larger the terrestrial animal, the _________ the frequencythey can perceive. | less/lower |
| All vertebrates and some invertebrates have a ________ circulatory system. | closed |
| In this style of circulatory system, the blood never normally contacts any of the internal organs- except the heart. All nutrients, waste and gas exchange occur via diffusion through capillaries. | closed |
| The most efficient circulatory system is___________ | closed |
| One technique to remove nitogenous waste from the body is diffusion. This technique is usually done by small animals that live in _________ environments | moist |
| an invertebrate is an animal __________ a backbone. | without. ex insects worms and jellyfish |
| most animals develop from a single, fertilized egg called a ___________ | zygote |
| Chordates make up fewer than five percent of all animal species and belong to the Phylum ____________ | Chordata |
| homozygous | having 2 identical alleles for a gene. ex tt |
| Hybrid | offspring of crosses between parents with different traits |
| Klinefelter syndrom | XXY. reduced fertility |
| Lagomorpha | leapers ex rabbits and hares |
| Medulla Oblongata | controls funtions of many internal organs |
| Metaphase I | paired homologous chromosomes line up across the center of the cell |
| Metaphase II | Sister chromatids on equator. chromasomes split to chromatids |
| ______________ can reconstruct the habits of extinct animals by studying the joints of fossil bones and the places where tendon and ligaments once attached. | paleuntologist |
| _____________reproduction in animals may occur by the organism simply splitting in two or budding where a small copy of the parent develops on the parents body | asexual |
| ____________animals produce an enzyme that breaks down cellulose | no |
| about 1/3 of the air moving through a __________ respiratory system, inder normal conditions, is stale air. | mamals |
| small inactive animals can respire entirely through their____________ | skin |
| gasses diffuse most efficiently across a ________, moiste membrane that is permeable to those gases. | thin |
| squid have tentacles, suckers, large eyes, and a beak to aid them in their ____________ existence | predatory |
| Generally, the start sequence for a gene begins with_________which codes the amino acid methionine | TAC |
| Squid contain a vestigial shell calles a________ | pin |
| All plants share the following four characteristics | Alteration of generation, eukaryotes, chloroplyl A&B, and cellulose in call walls. |
| Phloem transports a solution of nutrients and carbohydrates produces during_____________ | photosynthesis |
| Monocot leaf | vascular bundle in a pattern |
| Monocot root | No star pattern |
| Monocot stem | Vascular bundles are scattered |
| olfacory bulb | the part of the brain that controls smell |
| Perissodactyla | odd number of toes. ex horses and zebras |
| Phloem | carries sugars from the roots to the top. |
Created by:
Eliseb23
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