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Science PBA Review
Study for Science PBA and memorize as much as possible
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does it mean to "digest" food? | Digesting food means to break it down, both chemically and physically |
| How does the digestive system help the body function? | The digestive system breaks down the macromolecules that we consume into the mircomolecule necessary to provide energy, store for future use, and grow |
| What are the 3 functions of the digestive system? | Digestion, absorption, and elimination |
| Blood tissue is made up of several blood _____________ that are constantly pumped around the body to work together as a unit and keep the body functioning well | Cells |
| Brain tissue is made up of several brain _____________ that work together as a unit to keep the brain (organ) functioning well | Cells |
| The outputs of cellular respiration are identical to the outputs of COMBUSTION which means that food can be stored and used as fuel. In the absence of glucose, what food molecule can the body store AND use as fuel to create energy? | Fatty acids |
| What are 3 reasons a healthy body absorbs food molecules? | To use fuel to convert energy, to store for later use, and for growth |
| What 2 molecules make up a large percentage of your stool? | Water and fiber |
| Explain why a healthy body eliminates fiber, but does not eliminate complex carbohydrates, proteins, and fats | Fiber is a macromolecule that is even more complex than complex carbohydrates, proteins, and fats because it is found interconnected with other long fiber molecules |
| The movement of oxygen gas and carbon dioxide gas, without the use of any energy or effort by the body, between the alveoli and the capillaries in the lungs is an example of this kind of cell transport | Passive transport |
| What structure of the respiratory system interacts with the small capillaries (blood vessels) of the circulatory system to bring the oxygen molecules into the blood | Alveoli |
| What body system takes in the oxygen molecules needed for this chemical reaction to take place? | Respiratory system |
| What is the output that is delivered to the lungs? | Carbon dioxide |
| What are the two inputs? | Glucose and oxygen |
| What is the name of the chemical reaction involved in CONVERTING digested food molecules into ENERGY your body can use? | Cellular respiration |
| What organ BOTH chemically digests food AND absorbs the digested food molecules? | Small intestine |
| What food molecules are chemically digested in the stomach? | Complex carbohydrates, fats, and proteins |
| Does mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, or BOTH occur in the stomach BEFORE trying to absorb food molecules into the small intestine | Both |
| What food molecule is chemically digested and broken down into glucose by amylase in the saliva of our mouths? | Complex carbohydrates are chemically digested my amylase in our mouths |
| Does mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, or BOTH occur in the mouth BEFORE trying to absorb food molecules into the small intestine? | Both |
| Digestion must occur before absorption because only food molecules that are... | Small and soluble |
| What is mechanical digestion? | Is the physical breakdown of food using teeth, saliva, and peristalsis |
| What is chemical digestion? | is the chemical breakdown of macromolecules into their micromolecules counterparts so that they are more easily absorbed through the walls of the small intestine. |
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