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Biology Yr 11

Classification of ecosystems

TermDefinition
Biome regions of the world with similar climate, animals and plants. Can then be further classified into ecosystems
Terrestrial ecosystems land-based ecosystem. Distribution of these ecosystems s the result of climate variation.
Aquatic ecosystems water-based ecosystems. Involve both marine and freshwater environments. Make up the largest part of the biosphere - oceans alone cover 71% of earth's surface.
Deserts Rainfall less than 250mm annually on average. Ephemeral plants - short-lived species that germinate rapidly after good rain.
Grasslands Cover is typically hummocks and tussocks with low cover of <30%. Dominant species are grasses, varying in height from 2cm to 2m.
Scrublands/Shrublands Foliage cover of 30-70%. Able to adapt to drought, fire and low rainfall. Average plant eight is relatively low.
Woodlands canopy cover of 10-30%. Widely spread trees are few and far between. Dominated by eucalypts. found in southern temperate Australia.
Alpine Found in cold mountain regions including above the tree line. Typically has rocky landscapes, and seasonal snow coverage.
Open forests (sclerophyll) open canopy cover of 30-70%. 25-35m high with fairly even height and moderately dense canopies. Floor ranges from fry to damp and is covered in grass and shrubs. Bushlands.
Closed forests (rainforests) dense canopy of 70-100% with distinct layers. Mostly evergreen trees, and receives high amounts of rainfall. found near the equator with high average temperatures and humidity.
Reefs and Marshes. Wetlands. _____ are a ridge of material at or near the surface of an ocean, and occur naturally. Naturally made of rocks or/and coral. considered aquatic.
Created by: Millie Cullender
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