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2.01 Child D Vocab.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adoption | the action or fact of legally taking another's child and bringing it up as one's own, or the fact of being adopted |
| Amniocentesis | the sampling of amniotic fluid using a hollow needle inserted into the uterus, to screen for developmental abnormalities in a fetus |
| Amniotic fluid | the fluid surrounding a fetus within the amnion |
| Amniotic sac | the fluid-filled sac that contains and protects a fetus in the womb |
| Artificial insemination | the medical procedure of injecting semen into the vagina or uterus |
| Blastocyst | a fertilized egg after 5 days, a rapidly dividing ball of cells |
| Cervix | the lower, narrow end of the uterus that forms a canal between the uterus and vagina |
| Conception: | the joining of a sperm and egg, also known as fertilization |
| Diagnostic prenatal test | testing the fetus before birth (prenatally) to determine whether the fetus has certain abnormalities, including certain hereditary or spontaneous genetic disorders |
| Embryo | an unborn human in the very early stages of development, weeks 3–8, when cells continue to divide and begin to take on different functions |
| Embryonic stage: | the stage starting when the blastocyst implants into the uterus through the eighth week following fertilization |
| Fallopian tubes | a pair of tubes through which female eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus |
| Fetus | a developing human from usually two months after conception to birth |
| Folate | a B vitamin (found in dark leafy greens, oranges, nuts, beans, and peas) that the body needs to make DNA and other genetic material, and to help cells divide |
| Folic acid | a synthetic form of folate that is added to fortify foods |
| Full-term pregnancy | when a baby is born between 39 weeks, 0 days and 40 weeks, 6 days |
| Germinal stage | the first 1 to 2 weeks of prenatal life after fertilization, in which the fertilized egg (zygote) migrates to the uterus and becomes implanted in the endometrium |
| Gestational diabetes | a condition characterized by an elevated level of glucose in the blood during pregnancy, typically resolving after the birth |
| Glucose | a simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates |
| Group B strep | an infection caused by a common bacterium (group B streptococcus); usually harmless in adults but potentially dangerous in newborns, producing symptoms such as fever, trouble feeding, and lethargy |
| HCG hormone | a hormone found in women's blood and urine throughout pregnancy, and detectable in the blood shortly after implantation of the embryo in the uterus (roughly three weeks into a four-week menstrual cycle); increasing levels of HCG tell the body that it is p |
| Infertility | not being able to get pregnant (conceive) after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex |
| In vitro fertilization | a medical procedure whereby an egg is fertilized by sperm in a test tube or elsewhere outside the body |
| Lanugo | fine, soft hair, especially that which covers the body and limbs of a human fetus or newborn |
| Maternal-fetal care doctor | doctor of obstetrics who has three additional years of training in helping women through high-risk pregnancies |
| Menstruation | the process in a woman of discharging blood and other materials from the lining of the uterus at intervals of about a month |
| Miscarriage | the spontaneous loss of a woman's pregnancy before the 20th week that can be both physically and emotionally painful |
| Morning sickness | nausea and vomiting during pregnancy; potentially occurring at any time of day and common during the first trimester |
| Neural tube | a hollow structure from which the brain and spinal cord form; defects in its development can result in congenital abnormalities such as spina bifida |
| Ovulation | the process in which a mature egg is released from the ovary |
| Ovum | a single cell released from the female reproductive organ (ovaries), which is capable of developing into a new organism when fertilized with a sperm cell |
| Placenta previa | a condition in which the placenta partially or wholly blocks the neck of the uterus, thus interfering with the normal delivery of a baby |
| Preeclampsia | a condition in pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, sometimes with fluid retention and proteinuria |
| Prenatal development | the process of growth and development within the womb from fertilization to delivery |
| Prenatal testing | testing that includes blood tests, urine tests, and ultrasounds; used to help check on the well-being of the mother and growing baby |
| Preterm labor | occurs when regular contractions result in the opening of the cervix after week 20 and before week 37 of pregnancy, potentially leading to premature birth; the earlier the occurrence of premature birth, the greater the health risks for the baby |
| Placenta | the organ that develops/attaches in a woman’s uterus during pregnancy, provides oxygen and nutrients to the growing baby, and removes waste products from baby’s blood |
| Screening prenatal test | testing that can identify whether a baby is more or less likely to have certain birth defects, many of which are genetic disorders |
| Stillborn | is when a fetus dies after the mother's 20th week of pregnancy; when the baby may have died in the uterus weeks or hours before labor |
| Trimester | one of the three divisions of three months each during pregnancy, in which different phases of fetal development take place |
| Ultrasound | a procedure that uses high-energy sound waves for viewing inside the body, by making echoes that form pictures of the tissues and organs on a computer screen (sonogram) |
| Umbilical Cord: | a ropelike structure that connects a developing embryo or fetus to the placenta |
| Uterus | a hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman’s pelvis, where a fetus develops and grows |
| Vernix caseosa | a white, creamy, naturally occurring biofilm covering the skin of a baby during the last trimester of pregnancy |
| Zygote | a fertilized egg, created when sperm meets an egg in one of the fallopian tubes |
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