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yr 8 cells revision
year 8 cells revision
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell membrane | boundary that controls which substances pass in and out |
| cell wall | provides protection and strength for the cell |
| nucleus | contains DNA and controls everything in the cell |
| cytoplasm | a jelly like substance that the organelles float in |
| mitochondria | the powerhouse of the cell that releases energy from food |
| vacuole | stores fluids, nutrients and wastes |
| chloroplast | converts sunlight to chemical energy |
| difference between plant and animal cells | plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and larger vacuoles |
| multicellular | made of more than one cell |
| unicellular | made of one cell |
| cells definition | the building blocks of life |
| levels of organisation | cells to tissue to organ to organ system to organism |
| unicellular examples | bacteria, protists and algae |
| multicellular examples | plants and animals |
| prokaryote | have no membrane bound organelles |
| eukaryote | contain membrane bound organelles |
| prokaryote examples | e coli and salmonella |
| eukaryote examples | human, tree, phytoplankton |
| microscope magnification | eye piece x objective lens |
| specialised cells | cells that work together to perform all the functions needed for life |
| vital functions needed in cells | provide structure and support, facilitate growth, allow for transport, produce energy, create metabolic reactions, aid in reproduction |
| eye piece | the part you look through with your eye, 10x magnification |
| arm/neck | used to safely hold the microscope |
| stage | where the slides are placed |
| coarse focus knob | used to make large changes in focus |
| fine focus knob | used to make small changes in focus |
| base | used to safely transport the microscope |
| rotating nose piece | allows for change of objective lenses |
| low power objective lens | 4 times magnification |
| medium power objective lens | 10 times magnification |
| high power objective lens | 40 times magnification |
| stage clips | used to keep the slide in place |
| diaphragm | used to change the amount of light passing through the slide |
| light source | sends light up through the diaphragm |
| photosynthesis | the conversion of carbon dioxide and light energy to chemical energy and oxygen |
| muscle cell | A cell that changes shape by contracting |
| fat cell | A cell that stores excess energy from food |
| intestinal lining cell | A cell with finger-like structures that help it absorb water |
| neuron | A cell that sends signals in the brain or through nerves |
| red blood cell | Cells that contain haemoglobin that helps carry oxygen |
| white blood cell | A cell that helps to protect the body from infection |
| independent variable | what you change in an experiment |
| dependent variable | what you measure in an experiment |
| controlled variables | what needs to stay the same to make a fair test |
| hypothesis | an if then statement |
| graph requirements | title, axis labels, axis units, data |
Created by:
justineforrest
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