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biology ch 5

this study stack is for chapter 5 only

QuestionAnswer
anaphase the stage in mitosis or meiosis following metaphase in which the daughter chromosomes move away from each other to opposite ends of the cell.
asexual reproduction reproduction, as budding, fission, or spore formation, not involving the union of gametes.
binary fission fission into two organisms approximately equal in size.
centromere a specialized structure on the chromosome, appearing during cell division as the constricted central region where the two chromatids are held together and form an X shape.
chromatid one of two identical chromosomal strands into which a chromosome splits longitudinally preparatory to cell division.
chromatin the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus, consisting of DNA, RNA, and various proteins, that forms chromosomes during cell division.
chromosome any of several threadlike bodies, consisting of chromatin, that carry the genes in a linear order: the human species has 23 pairs, designated 1 to 22 in order of decreasing size and X and Y for the sex-determining chromosomes.
cytokinesis the division of the cell cytoplasm that usually follows mitotic or meiotic division of the nucleus.
histone any of a group of five small basic proteins, occurring in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, that organize DNA strands into nucleosomes by forming molecular complexes around which the DNA winds.
interphase the period of the cell cycle during which the nucleus is not undergoing division, typically occurring between mitotic or meiotic divisions.
meiosis Cell Biology. part of the process of gamete formation, consisting of chromosome conjugation and two cell divisions, in the course of which the diploid chromosome number becomes reduced to the haploid.
metaphase the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers
mitosis the usual method of cell division, characterized typically by the resolving of the chromatin of the nucleus into a threadlike form, which condenses into chromosomes, each of which separates longitudinally into two parts, one part of each chromosome being
prophase the first stage of mitosis or meiosis in eukaryotic cell division, during which the nuclear envelope breaks down and strands of chromatin form into chromosomes.
sexual reproduction reproduction involving the union of gametes.
stem cell a cell that upon division replaces its own numbers and also gives rise to cells that differentiate further into one or more specialized types, as various B cells and T cells.
telomere the segment of DNA that occurs at the ends of chromosomes.
tissue an aggregate of similar cells and cell products forming a definite kind of structural material with a specific function, in a multicellular organism.
Created by: Kazo_foxsonyt
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