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Cells, Cells Cells

QuestionAnswer
Cell Membrane - encloses the cell and protects from the outside environment. Controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm - the jelly-like fluid inside the cell in which all other organelles are suspended.
Nucleus - the membrane-bound inner portion of the cell that contains the genetic material. It controls all cell processes
Microtubules - A hollow rod that makes up part of the cytoskeleton in all eukaryotic cells. Forms the spindle during cell division
Mitochondria - uses energy from glucose to produce ATP to power cellular processes
Golgi Apparatus - Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport out of the cell
Ribosomes - assemble proteins
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - covered in ribosomes. Proteins assembled by the ribosomes collect here for transport within the cell
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - manufactures lipids and and transports them within the cell
Lysosomes - contain digestive enzymes; found only in animal cells
Centrioles - made up of bundles of microtubules; anchors the spindle during cell division
Vacuole - a membrane bound sac that stores water, salts, sugar, and cellular waste; in plant cells it is very large and central
DNA - a set of genetic instructions on how to build the cell
Cilia - Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion in single celled organisms. In multicellular organisms, they can protect the respiratory tract by trapping inhaled dirt and debris
Flagella - A long, whip-like filament that aids in cell movement for unicellular orgnisms (ex. bacteria and sperm cells)
Vessicles - small sacs produced by the Golgi body that enclose cellular products for transport
Nucleolus - Found inside the nucleus; produces ribosomes
Cell wall - A rigid structure that surrounds the cells of plants and fungi. In plants, it is made of cellulose. In fungi, it is made of chitin
Choloroplast - captures sunlight for energy and contains chlorophyll to give plants a green color
Nuclear membrane - A highly-porous membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm
Chromatin - DNA in its long, stringlike form. It's function is to store a cells genetic information
Created by: jgyoung
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