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Diagnostic Studies
Table 62-7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What kind of diagnostic study shows the density of bone and evaluates structural or functional changes? | x-ray |
| What are the nursing responsibilities related to X-ray? | avoids excessive exposure, make sure patient is not pregnant, remove radio-opaque stuff, explain procedure |
| What kind of diagnostic study permits visualization of intervertbral disk abnormalities? | Diskogram |
| What are the nursing responsibilities related to diskogram? | Assess for potential allergy to contrast medium, explain procedure |
| What kind of diagnostic study gives a 3 dimensional view and identifies soft tissue and boney abnormalities, and various musculoskeletal trauma? | CT scan |
| What are the nursing responsibilities related to CT scan? | Doesn’t hurt, stay still, allergic to shellfish? |
| What kind of diagnostic study is very sensitive for picking up even subtle lesions that could indicate nerve impingement? | myelogram with or without CT scan |
| What are the nursing responsibilities related to myelogram? | Advise of risk for spinal headache that should be reported to physician and usually resolves in 1-2 days with rest and fluids |
| What diagnostic procedure is very useful for diagnosing avascular necrosis, disk disease, tumors, osteomyelitis, ligament and cartilage tears? | MRI |
| What are nursing responsibilities related to an MRI? | No metal (pacemakers, shrapnel, electronic devices, metal on clothing), doesn’t hurt, be still, claustrophobia, administer anti-anxiety drugs if ordered. |
| What enzyme made by osteoblast and needed for mineralization is elevated in the case of healing bone fracture, osteomalacia, osteoporosis and Paget’s disease? | Alkaline phosphatase |
| Would calcium be increased or decreased in the case of hypoparathyroidism, renal disease, or osteomaliacia? | decreased |
| What would a RF titer above 1:20 indicate? | connective tissue disease such as Rheumatoid Arthritis |
| What would an ESR greater than 20 mm/hour indicate? | an inflammatory process such as RA, rheumatic fever, osteomyelitis, and respiratory infections |
| What antibody is found in 95% of patients diagnosed with SLE and sometimes in individuals with RA or systemic sclerosis? | Antinuclear Antibody |
| What does the ANA attack? | the nucleus of body cells |
| What is the most specific test for SLE? | serologic test for anti-DNA antibody |
| Why is complement low in people with RA or SLE? | complement is essential to immune and inflammatory reactions. Patients with RA and SLE use them all up – they run out. |
| What level is elevated in gout? | Uric acid |
| What do increased levels of C-reactive protein indicate? | Tissue damage- used to diagnose inflammatory diseases, infections, and active widespread malignancy |
| What antigen is present in disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis and RA? | HLA-B27 |
| Name 3 markers of muscle injury. | Creatine Kinase, Serum potassium, Aldolase |
| Name the study that has to do with needles and the electrical potential associated with skeletal muscle contraction. | electromyogram |
| What does Duplex Venous Doppler tell us? | Use ultrasound to detect blood flow abnormalities in lower extremities that could indicate deep vein thrombosis |
| What diagnostic technique measures heat radiating from the skin surface? | thermography |
| What is plethysmography tell us about? | Variations in volume and pressure of blood passing through tissues. |
Created by:
persevereandovercome
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