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Chapter 7
General Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Apocrine sweat glands | Large sweat glands that are found under the arms, around the nipples, and in the genital region. |
| Appendicular skeleton | Portion of the skeleton that consists of the upper extremities and pelvic girdle |
| Ateries | Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart |
| Articulation | Another term for joint |
| Axial skeleton | Portion of the skeleton that consists of the skull, spinal column, ribs, and sternum |
| Bone marrow | Gelatinous material that produces white blood cells, or platelets. |
| Cancellous bone | Lightweight bone found in the interior of bones |
| Capillaries | A system of microscopic vessels that connects the arterial and venous systems |
| Cartilage | Tough, connective tissue, nonvascular elastic tissue |
| Central nervous system (CNS) | The brain and spinal cord |
| Compact bone | Outer layer of bones, where needed for strength; also known as cortical bone |
| Gomphosis | A type of fibrous joint such as a tooth into the alveolus |
| Integumentary system | The skin system |
| Involuntary muscles | Muscles that function automatically without concious control |
| Joints | Structural areas where two or more bones come together |
| Muscle insertion | Location where the muscle ends; the portion away from the body's midline |
| Muscle origin | Location where the muscle begins; the portion toward the body's midline |
| Neurons | Direct nerve impulses |
| Osteoblasts | Cells that form bone |
| Pericardium | Double-walled sac that encloses the heart |
| Periosteum | Specailized connective tissue that covers all bones of the body |
| Peripheral nervous system | Crainial nerves and spinal nerves |
| Peristalsis | Rhythmic action that moves food through the digestive tract |
| Plasma | A straw-colored fluid that transports nutrients, hormones, and waste products |
| Red blood cells | Cells that contain the blood protein hemoglobin, which plays an essential role in oxygen transport; also known as erythrocytes |
| Sebaceous glands | Oil glands that keep the hair and skin soft and are associated with sex hormones |
| Sharpey's fibers | Tissues that anchor the periosteum to the bone |
| Sudoriferous glands | Sweat glands that are widely distributed over the body and provide heat regulation |
| Viens | Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart |
| White blood cells | Cells that have the primary function of fighting disease in the body; also known as leukocytes |
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KalynBaimakovich
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