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AP Biology
Unit 8 Population Ecology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Innate Behaviors | A behavior that is performed without any previous experience. |
| Learned Behaviors | A behavior in which the individual’s experience in its environment plays a large role. |
| Cooperative Behaviors | A behavior that helps a member of the same species improve another individual’s fitness. |
| Endotherm | An animal that produces most of its heat as a by-product of metabolic reactions to maintain a warm and steady body temperature. |
| Ectotherm | An animal that obtains most of its heat to warm its body from the environment. |
| Metabolic Rate | The number of calories burned by an organism over time while at rest. |
| Chemosynthesis | The biochemical process in which the energy of chemical compounds is used to build sugars. |
| Autotroph | Organism that obtains energy by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Also known as a producer. |
| Heterotroph | An organism that obtains energy by eating other organisms. Also known as a consumer. |
| Trophic Level | An arrangement of producers and consumers into successive levels that represents the movement of energy. |
| Per Capita Growth Rate (r) | The rate of population change divided by the size of the population. |
| Maximum Per Capita Growth Rate of a population | The maximum growth rate possible for a population living without any constraints. |
| Exponential Growth Model | A model of a population that continues to grow rapidly over time in an exponential manner. |
| Carrying Capacity (k) | A limit on how many individuals can be supported in a given environment. |
| Density-independent factor | Factors that reduce density regardless of a population’s size. |
| Density-dependent factor | Factors that limit population growth as its size increases. |
| Logistic growth model | A growth model that describes population growth when there is a density-dependent carrying capacity. |
| Simpson's diversity index | An equation that quantifies the diversity of species in a community. |
| Predation | An interaction that involves one species killing and consuming another. |
| Parasitism | An interaction in which one species lives in or on another organism, known as the host. |
| Competition | An interaction between species that require the same limited resource. |
| Mutualism | A special type of symbiosis in which both species benefit in regard to their growth or reproduction. |
| Commensalism | An interaction in which one species receives a benefit while the other species is neither harmed nor helped. |
| Keystone Species | Pivotal populations that affect other members of the community in ways that are disproportionate to their abundance or biomass. |
| Trophic Cascade | When indirect effects are initiated by the presence of a predator. |
Created by:
DrStokes
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