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Plant bio

Sulfur

QuestionAnswer
Sulfur in the air - Until recently, sulfur dioxide emission from fossil fuel combustion led to acid rain and extensive damage to vulnerable plants - Eliminating S from air pollution uncovered crop plant deficiencies, particularly in oilseed rape and wheat
Sulfur found in many forms Organic S R-SH (mineralisation) H2S (oxidation) S0 (oxidation) SO42- (assimilation) - Plants take up sulfur from soil as SO42- and to a lesser extent from the atmosphere as SO2 or H2S
Plants are key in the global sulfur cycle Volcanic activity and fossil fuel burning - atmospheric sulfur Acid rain leads to sulfur in the soil, then assimilated by plants Decomposition and waste
Sulfur: essential macronutrient in amino acids and other compounds - odour in some compounds - defence mechanisms - oxidation/reduction, metal transport and detox
Sulfur uptake - primarily through SULTR transporters - they have overlapping and non-overlapping functions - in higher plants transporters effect inter-organelle movement - s transporters coordinate long-distance transport
Sulfur assimilation - by ATP sulfurylase into APS - APS can enter two pathways for primary or secondary reactions (ATP kinase or ATP reactase) - assimilated into cysteine by the cysteine synthase complex
Cysteine regulation The CS complex: model for cysteine regulation - sulfur uptake and assimilation rates are metabolically regulated - SLIM (EIL3) coordinates many transcriptional responses to S
Mustard oil bomb The `mustard oil bomb` defence system in Brassicas relies on toxic, sulfur containing glucosinolate breakdown products
Sulfur deficiency in plants - With stricter laws on S emissions, less S enters soils and plants are more prone to S deficiency - Soil can be augmented with elemental sulfur, ammonium sulfate or other fertilizers
Created by: rose.coo
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