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BIO Unit 2 Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nucleus | protects, controls access to DNA. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | makes and modifies polypeptides and lipids. Smooth ER synthesizes lipids. It is a membranous network. |
| Golgi Body | Modifies and sorts polypeptides and lipids. Prepares proteins for export and makes substances like mucus. The Golgi Body is layers of membranous sacs. |
| Vesicle | Transports, stores, and breaks down substances. |
| Mitochondrion | Makes ATP by glucose breakdown. Large bodies with internal folded membranes. |
| Chloroplast | makes sugars and produce energy through photosynthesis |
| Lysosome | Intracellular digestion |
| Peroxisome | Breaks down fatty acids, amino acids, and toxins; similar to lysosomes. Small sacs of enzymes. |
| Vacuole | stores, breaks down food or waste |
| Ribosomes | assemble polypeptides, manufacture proteins. Small bodies in cytoplasm or attached to the ER |
| Centriole | anchors cytoskeleton during mitosis. Rod-shaped near the nucleus. |
| Cytoskeleton | Contributes to cell shape, internal organization, and movement |