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Biology Quizlet #4
14 Terms quater 1
Term | Definition |
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DNA replication | The process in which DNA makes a duplicate copy of itself. |
DNA polymerase | Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule |
Helicase | An enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks. |
Ligase | An enzyme that connects two fragments of DNA to make a single fragment |
Nucleus | The organelle in eukaryotes that contains the DNA and controls the processes of the cell |
chromosome | a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. |
Chromatin | Substance found in eukaryotic chromosomes that consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins called histones |
cancer | disorder in which some of the body's cells lose the ability to control growth and division |
asexual reproduction | A reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent. |
budding | Asexual reproduction in which a part of the parent organism pinches off and forms a new organism |
binary fission | A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size |
fragmentation | A means of asexual reproduction whereby a single parent breaks into parts that regenerate into whole new individuals. |
parthenogenesis | Asexual reproduction in which females produce offspring from unfertilized eggs. |
vegetative propagation | A form of asexual reproduction in which plants produce genetically identical offshoots of themselves, which then develop into independent plants. |