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water, intro, carbs
for quiz 2
Term | Definition |
---|---|
carbohydrates | contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio |
cellulose | polysaccharide made of glucose monomers that reinforce plant cell walls |
glycogen | branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals: animal equivalent of starch |
glucose | monosaccharide; used during cell respiration to make ATP |
monosaccharide | single sugar- glucose, fructose, and galactose are examples |
polysaccharide | large molecules formed from monosaccharides |
starch | storage form of glucose in plants |
dehydration synthesis | chemical reaction that makes polymers |
hydrolysis | chemical reaction that creates monomers |
polar molecule | molecule in which one side is slightly positive and the opposite side is slightly negative |
nonpolar molecule | no partial charges. do not mix with water |
cohesion | attraction between molecules of the same substance, creates surface tension |
adhesion | attraction between different kinds of molecules |
high specific heat | water resists heating and cooling |
density of ice | solid water is less dense than liquid water due to shape of water and hydrogen bonding |
evaporative cooling | as water evaporates, its remaining surface cools |
capillarity | the rise of the surface of a liquid within thin tubes |
good solvent | many molecules dissolve in water |
hydrogen bond | weak attraction between water molecules |
monomer | 1 subunit of a macromolecule |
polymer | many monomers bonded together |
organic molecules | contain carbon and hydrogen, usually in the form of chains and rings of carbon |
inorganic molecules | non-carbon based molecules |
macromolecule | large polymers |