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Biology

Reproduction

QuestionAnswer
What is the fusion of male and female gametes called? Fertelisation
What process of cell division is undergone in sexual reproduction? meiosis
What process of cell division is undergone in asexual reproduction? mitosis
Gametes have how many chromosomes? 23
When two gametes fuse, how many chromosomes does the resulting cell have? 46
How many gametes are involved in asexual reproduciton? none
How do bacteria reproduce? Binary fission
Describe how meiosis occurs 4 HAPLOID cells are produced through two divisions. The cells are NOT genetically identical
Describe how mitosis occurs
What are the four stages of the menstrual cycle? 1. Menstruation, 2. uterus lining builds up again, 3. egg develops and is released, 4. wall is waintained
Where is FSH produced? pituitary gland
Where is oestrogen produced? ovaries
Where is LH produced? pituitary gland
Where is progesterone produced? ovaries by remains of follicle after ovulation
What does FSH do? causes an egg to mature in one of the ovaries and stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen
What does oestrogen do? Causes lining of uterus to grow and stimulates release of LH (also inhibits FSH)
What does LH do? stimulates release of an egg at day 14 of menstrual cycle
What does progesterone do? maintains lining of uterus during second half of cycle. When levels fall, the lining breaks down (also inhibits LH and FSH)
What does a placenta do? Lets blood of embryo and mother run close, allowing the exchange of food, oxygen and waste
What does the amnion membrane do? surrounds embryo and is full of amniotic fluid
What does amniotic fluid do? protects embryo against knocks or bumps
Where is the egg fertilised? In the fallopian tube
What three things do seeds need for germination? Water, oxygen, a suitable temperature
When a seed starts to germinate, where does it get its energy from? It gets glucose for respiration from its own food source
In the germination experiment, which is the control tube? The tube with all correct conditions
What is the source, role and effect of adrenaline? Source: adrenal glands, Role: readies body for fight or flight, Effect: increases heart rate, blood flow to muscles and blood sugar level
What is the source, role and effect of insulin Source: pancreas, Role: helps control blood sugar level, Effect: stimulates liver to turn glucose into glycogen
What is the source , role and effect of oestrogen? Source: ovaries, Role: supports pregnancy, Effect: controls menstrual cycle and promotes secondary sexual characteristics
What is the source, role and effect of FSH? Source: pituitary gland, Role: female sex hormone, Effect: causes egg to mature in ovary. Stimulates production of oestrogen
Created by: JoeMather
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