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Biology
Reproduction
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the fusion of male and female gametes called? | Fertelisation |
What process of cell division is undergone in sexual reproduction? | meiosis |
What process of cell division is undergone in asexual reproduction? | mitosis |
Gametes have how many chromosomes? | 23 |
When two gametes fuse, how many chromosomes does the resulting cell have? | 46 |
How many gametes are involved in asexual reproduciton? | none |
How do bacteria reproduce? | Binary fission |
Describe how meiosis occurs | 4 HAPLOID cells are produced through two divisions. The cells are NOT genetically identical |
Describe how mitosis occurs | |
What are the four stages of the menstrual cycle? | 1. Menstruation, 2. uterus lining builds up again, 3. egg develops and is released, 4. wall is waintained |
Where is FSH produced? | pituitary gland |
Where is oestrogen produced? | ovaries |
Where is LH produced? | pituitary gland |
Where is progesterone produced? | ovaries by remains of follicle after ovulation |
What does FSH do? | causes an egg to mature in one of the ovaries and stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen |
What does oestrogen do? | Causes lining of uterus to grow and stimulates release of LH (also inhibits FSH) |
What does LH do? | stimulates release of an egg at day 14 of menstrual cycle |
What does progesterone do? | maintains lining of uterus during second half of cycle. When levels fall, the lining breaks down (also inhibits LH and FSH) |
What does a placenta do? | Lets blood of embryo and mother run close, allowing the exchange of food, oxygen and waste |
What does the amnion membrane do? | surrounds embryo and is full of amniotic fluid |
What does amniotic fluid do? | protects embryo against knocks or bumps |
Where is the egg fertilised? | In the fallopian tube |
What three things do seeds need for germination? | Water, oxygen, a suitable temperature |
When a seed starts to germinate, where does it get its energy from? | It gets glucose for respiration from its own food source |
In the germination experiment, which is the control tube? | The tube with all correct conditions |
What is the source, role and effect of adrenaline? | Source: adrenal glands, Role: readies body for fight or flight, Effect: increases heart rate, blood flow to muscles and blood sugar level |
What is the source, role and effect of insulin | Source: pancreas, Role: helps control blood sugar level, Effect: stimulates liver to turn glucose into glycogen |
What is the source , role and effect of oestrogen? | Source: ovaries, Role: supports pregnancy, Effect: controls menstrual cycle and promotes secondary sexual characteristics |
What is the source, role and effect of FSH? | Source: pituitary gland, Role: female sex hormone, Effect: causes egg to mature in ovary. Stimulates production of oestrogen |